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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 67 (1984), S. 329-339 
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents Electrooptical systems offer advantages in electric power systems, communications, plasma physics and pulsed power technology because of their lower insulation requirements, excellent HF-performance and superior electromagnetic compatibility. These systems exploit the field-dependence of optical properties of certain media. Based on the electrodynamics of light propagation in linear and circular birefringent crystals resp., a clear description of the field-induced effects (linear electrooptic effect and electrogyration) is given considering electrical engineering aspects. Technically relevant relations are derived from theory and verified by measurements with α-quartz. The linear electrooptical effect is shown to be strongly dominant in comparison with electrogyration.
    Notes: Übersicht In der Energietechnik, der Nachrichtentechnik, der Plasmaphysik und der Pulsed Power Technologie bieten optische Verfahren zur potentialfreien Erfassung elektrischer Feldstärken Vorteile hinsichtlich Isolationsaufwand, hochfrequenter Übertragungseigenschaften und elektromagnetischer Verträglichkeit. Diese Verfahren beruhen auf der Feldstärkeabhängigkeit der optischen Eigenschaften bestimmter Medien. Ausgehend von der Elektrodynamik der Lichtausbreitung in doppelbrechenden und optisch aktiven Kristallen wird eine für die Elektrotechnik anschauliche Darstellung der feldinduzierten Effekte (linearer elektrooptischer Effekt und Elektrogyrationseffekt) entwickelt. Aus der Theorie werden für technische Anwendungen verwertbare Zusammenhänge abgeleitet und durch Messungen an α-Quarz überprüft. Für dieses Material ergibt sich ein dominierender Einfluß des linearen elektrooptischen Effekts. Der Elektrogyrationseffekt ist für α-Quarz von untergeordneter Bedeutung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Probability theory and related fields 51 (1980), S. 303-322 
    ISSN: 1432-2064
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Free fatty acids ; Skeletal muscle ; Membrane conductance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 1. Na-octanoate (in Ringer's solution) affects the membrane resistance of isolated frog skeletal muscle fibres in a biphasic way. Initially there is an increase followed by a more slowly developing decrease. The effect depends on both the concentration of the fatty acid (1–20 mM) and the time of exposure (2–20 min). 2. In muscles exposed either to isotonic K2SO4 or to Ringer's solution with Cl− substituted by methylsulphate, the octanoate-induced resistance drop is the same as in normal Ringer's solution whereas an initial increase is not observed. 3. In Na-free (Tris-) Ringer's solution, only an increase in membrane resistance is caused by octanoate. 4. The results suggest that Na-octanoate decreases the conductance of the resting muscle cell membrane for anions (Cl−) whereas the permeability for cations (Na+, K+) is increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 234 (1984), S. 149-156 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Haemangioblastoma ; Lindau tumor-von HippelLindau disease ; Cerebellar function ; EOG ; Hämangioblastom ; Lindau ; Tumor ; von Hippel Lindau'sche Krankheit ; Kleinhirnfunktion ; EOG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 46 Patienten mit einem Hämagio-blastom des Zentralnervensystems (Neurologische Universitäts-Klinik Hamburg-Eppendorf,1950–1980) fanden sich überwiegend (n = 40) Kleinhirnangioblastome (Lindau-Tumoren), von denen 21 im Jahre 1983 nachuntersucht werden. Kopfschmerz als Initialsymptom fand sich etwa dreimal so häufig wie Schwindel, sensomotorische Ausfälle and cerebelläre Gangstörung (43% zu 10–15%). Hirndrucksymptome waren häufiger diagnostisch wegweisend als Schwindel und Gangstörung. Seit der Einführung des CCT erlaubte die zusammengefaßte Beurteilung von CCT und Vertebralisangiographie immer die zutreffende preoperative Diagnose. Die geringe Gesamtoperationsmortalität von 13,5% konnte im letzten Jahrzehnt auf 0% gesenkt werden. Bei einer Gesamtrezidivhäufigkeit von 8,7% fand sich bei 21 Nachuntersuchungen einschließlich CCT and EOG kein Rezidiv. Nicht so haufig wie bisher allgemein angenommen, kamen in unserem Krankengut vor: Familiäre Häufung (0%), multiple Tumorlokalisationen and gleichzeitiges Vorkommen mit Angiomatosis retinae (0%), Polyglobulie (10,8%). Psychische Veräenderungen (45,6%) ließen sich stets nur bei gleichzeitig bestehender Hirndrucksymptomatik nachweisen. Die Ergebnisse der Nachuntersuchungen zeigen, daß Reststörungen bzw. mögliche Rezidive genauer and früher als durch die klinische Untersuchung allein mit einer zusammengefaßten Beurteilung von CCT and EOG erkannt and verlaufsmäßig objektiviert werden können.
    Notes: Summary In a survey of 46 patients with haemagioblastoma of the CNS (Neurology Dept. University Hamburg, 1950–1980) most (n = 40) were found to have angioblastomas of the cerebellum (Lindau tumors). Of these patients 21 were re-examined in 1983. Headache was the most frequent initial symptom (43%), and within this group one-third (10%–15%) had dizziness, sensorymotor deficits and cerebellar gait disturbances. Signs of elevated intracranial pressure much more often led to the correct diagnosis than dizziness or dystaxia. After the introduction of CCT to the diagnostic procedure the combined evaluation of angiography of the vertebral arteries and CCT always permitted the correct diagnosis. The low neurosurgical mortality rate (13.5%) has decreased to 0% within the last decade. No relapses were found in 21 re-examinations including CCT and EOG compared to a frequency of 9.7% in all 46 cases. Significantly less often than expected from other data we found: signs of possible hereditary influence (0%), multiple tumor localization combined with angiomatosis retinae (0%), polyglobulia (10.8%). Psychopathologically relevant signs (45.6%) were, in all cases, combined with signs of increased intracranial pressure. The results of our re-examination demonstrate that late postoperative deficits as well as possible relapses are earlier and more precisely evaluated by the combined use of clinical examination, CCT and EOG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant ecology 49 (1982), S. 29-34 
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Brazil ; Ecological relations ; Floristic composition ; Generalization ; Physiognomy ; Scale ; Structure ; Vegetation categoriss ; Vegetation maps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The development and current status of mapping the vegetation of Brazil is discussed. This includes the manner of portraying the vegetation on maps, especially with regard to physiognomy and structure, the floristic composition and ecological relations. A slow beginning has given way to a rapid though uneven development. Recent government efforts tend to correct this.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 47 (1981), S. 271-279 
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Local rhythmical muscle work ; Rest intervals ; iEMG ; Duration of the R-R interval ; Endurance time ; Recovery time
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a model work place (hand-grip dynamometer), eleven subjects performed rhythmical hand-grip contractions to exhaustion (frequency 30/min). In each working cycle the contraction and rest phases were distinguished. The work to exhaustion was repeated four times (four working periods with 15-min rest intervals). The tests were performed at 40, 60, 80, 100% MVC. Analysis of Variance showed no difference in the group means (mean values of each working period and load level) for the duration of the contraction or rest phases, the integrated bioelectrical muscle activity (iEMG) of flexors, extensors, brachioradialis (iEMG referred to working cycle and contraction phase) or iEMG of the thenar muscles (referred to the working cycle), or in the duration of the R-R interval in the ECG during comparable periods of the experiments. The endurance times decreased from working period 1–4, and a similar decrease occurred in the force-time product. It may be concluded from these results that 15 min rest is insufficient for adequate recovery from hand-exhaustion exercise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant ecology 55 (1984), S. 3-10 
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Environmental features ; Interpretation ; Vegetation map
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract On ecological vegetation maps, the distribution of vegetation is related to one or more features of the environment. Tolerance, competition, map scales and the environment are discussed with regard to their bearing on the geographical distribution of phytocenoses and their portrayal on maps. There are two types of ecological vegetation maps: those relating the vegetation to one environmental quality, and those with two or more such qualities. The interpretation of ecological vegetation maps is relatively simple when plant communities are related to a single quality of the biotope and difficult but usually more useful when related to several qualities. Perfection is not possible but can be approached asymptotically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 358 (1982), S. 468-468 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: “Blue toe” syndrome ; Microembolization ; „Blue Toe” Syndrom ; Mikroembolisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das sogenannte „Blue Toe” Syndrom ist ein plötzliches Ereignis, bei dem Mikroembolien aus proximalen Gefäßplaques zu einem akuten Verschluß von Zehenarterien führen. Im Gegensatz zu der erheblichen Zehenischämie zeigt der übrige Fuß nur geringe Zeichen einer Minderdurchblutung mit meist noch tastbaren Fußpulsen. Falls andere Emboliequellen ausgeschlossen sind, ist die Angiographie der Beinschlagadern indiziert, um weitere Embolieschübe zu vermeiden. Angiographisch findet sich meist ein segmentaler ulcerierter Plaque im Bereich der Becken- oder Oberschenkelarterien, der durch offene Endarteriektomie und Patchplastik behandelt werden sollte. Anhand der Erfahrung mit 10 eigenen typischen Fällen wird die Problematik des Syndroms diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The so-called blue toe syndrome is a sudden occlusion of digital arteries by microembolic material originating from athrosclerotic lesions of the proximal arteries of the leg. In contrast to the severe ischemia of the attacked toe(s), the rest of the foot shows no signs of essentially reduced perfusion usually with palpable peripheral pulses. If other sources of embolism are excluded or unlikely, angiography of the leg arteries is indicated to avoid repeated embolic showers. The usual angiographic finding is a localized ulcerated lesion of the femoropopliteal or iliac arteries, which is treated by open endarterectomy and patch graft. Based on experience with ten characteristic cases, the different problems of the syndrome are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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