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  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • size of cross progenies  (2)
  • Battered child syndrome  (1)
  • Light-sensitivity
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 92 (1984), S. 87-94 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Infant skull fractures, experimental study ; Battered child syndrome ; Schädelfraktur, Säuglinge ; Sturzhöhe ; Kindesmißhandlung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach pädiatrischen Untersuchungen sollen Stürze aus Standhöhe zu Schädelfrakturen des Säuglings führen können und meist symptomlos bleiben. Fast jeder Säugling hat einen oder mehrere Stürze aus „niedriger Höhe“, z. B. aus dem Kinderwagen, vom Wickeltisch, von der Treppe etc., erlitten. Unter den forensischen Aspekten der Aufsichtspflichtverletzung, der Kindesmißhandlung bzw. der Kindestötung stellt sich für den Rechtsmediziner oft die Frage, ob Schädelbrüche beim Säugling tatsächlich bei angeblich geringen Fallhöhen entstehen können. In 3 Testserien (à 5) ist der Sturz aus 0,82 m im freien Fall 1) auf Stein-Kachelboden, 2) auf Teppichboden, 3) auf Linol-Schaumstoffboden erfolgt. Nach den Obduktionsbefunden sind in allen Fällen Schädelbrüche entstanden, unabhängig von der Beschaffenheit des Bodens. In 3 Fällen haben die Bruchlinien die Schädelnähte überschritten. Fazit: 1. Bei Stürzen aus Wickeltischhöhe ist prinzipiell mit Brüchen des Säuglingsschädels zu rechnen. 2. Bei dem Verdacht einer Kindesmißhandlung bleibt letztlich der Gesamtaspekt entscheidend.
    Notes: Summary According to pediatric statements, falls from a standing position may cause skull fractures in infants without specific symptoms. Nearly every infant has at some time fallen from the changing table or the baby carriage, etc. From the forensic aspect it is the duty of experts to discuss the “battered child syndrome.” Evidence given by the defendants concerning the height of the fall are unreliable. Experimental test series concerned with the stumbling height (82 cm in free fall) and three various types of floor—stone, carpet, and foam-backed linoleum—were carried out. In each case skull fractures were seen. In three cases the fractures crossed the sutures. Conclusions: (1) Each fall of an infant from the height of a table may cause a skull fracture, which may lead to death; (2) when child mishandling is suspected, all circumstances must be taken into consideration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 447-454 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Self-fertilizing crops ; quantitative genetics ; selection index ; size of cross progenies ; combined selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In autogamous species the optimum number of families is calculated for a selection program in two stages conducted in segregating generations. The influence of epistasis is not large. In case of much epistasis the number of families at the first stage must be reduced. In comparison with selection in later generations the second stage is relatively important. Two stage selection is more efficient than combined selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 31 (1982), S. 493-502 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Quantitative genetics ; selection index ; size of cross progenies ; pedigree method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The response to selection is determined by the genetic and nongenetic variance, the selection intensity, and the size of the experiments. If, in pure line breeding, selection starts in segregating generations, the gain depends on the relation of additive to epistatic variance. The gain can be increased if an index is constructed using the information from relatives. From animal breeding this kind of selection is known as combined selection. In this paper the optimal number of families and subfamilies is determined that will maximise the selection response by combined selection for a fixed total size of experiments. The composition of the genetic variance has a imited influence on the optimal size of the progenies. If epistatic variance is important, then the number of F2 families has to be reduced and the number of F3 families and F4 families must be increased. The same is true if the nongenetic variance is increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 206 (1980), S. 21-33 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Chromatophores ; Light-sensitivity ; Alteration in cell shape ; Microtubules ; Echinoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Alterations in cell shape of the light-sensitive chromatophores of the sea urchin Centrostephanus longispinus were studied by scanning- and transmission electron microscopy. Transition of the aggregated to the dispersed state is accompanied by incorporation of vesicles into the membrane of the pigment cell. During dispersion a system of microtubules originating from centriole-like structures is established throughout the stellate cell. Within restricted areas of the cell, cytoplasmic differentiation and condensation is found. The possible functional significance of the findings is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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