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  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (3)
  • resource allocation  (1)
  • DNA polymorphism
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 35 (1981), S. 517-533 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Two-level planning ; multi-objective systems ; decentralized systems ; resource allocation ; nonlinear programming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider optimization methods for hierarchical power-decentralized systems composed of a coordinating central system and plural semi-autonomous local systems in the lower level, each of which possesses a decision making unit. Such a decentralized system where both central and local systems possess their own objective function and decision variables is a multi-objective system. The central system allocates resources so as to optimize its own objective, while the local systems optimize their own objectives using the given resources. The lower level composes a multi-objective programming problem, where local decision makers minimize a vector objective function in cooperation. Thus, the lower level generates a set of noninferior solutions, parametric with respect to the given resources. The central decision maker, then, parametric with respect to the given resources. The central decision maker, then, chooses an optimal resource allocation and the best corresponding noninferior solution from among a set of resource-parametric noninferior solutions. A computational method is obtained based on parametric nonlinear mathematical programming using directional derivatives. This paper is concerned with a combined theory for the multi-objective decision problem and the general resource allocation problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Compositions and elemental distributions of anodic films formed on aluminium in aqueous borate electrolytes have been investigated by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) and associated nuclear reaction methods, together with controlled crystallization of film sections in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Films were found to consist principally of Al2O3; the outer regions of the films were contaminated with boron and, for all cases studied, the inner regions were boron-free. In the absence of film dissolution the contaminated region represented approximately 40% of the film thickness, and this proportion did not vary significantly with changes in current density of film formation. The outer region contained about 1.5 wt% boron, probably as B2O3, and the densities of the inner and outer regions were similar to an accuracy of about 10%.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 4 (1982), S. 208-211 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A technique for the preparation of self-supporting windows of anodic barrier films on aluminium, which are essential for the precise interpretation of Rutherford backscattering data, is described. The generation of the window comprises several steps which include: (1) electropolishing of the superpure aluminium specimen in a perchloric acid/ethanol mixture; (2) masking a region of surface of the electropolished specimen with ‘Lacomit’ paint; (3) anodizing to develop a barrier-type anodic film over the exposed aluminium surface; (4) removal of the paint to reveal the non-anodized region on one face of the aluminium specimen which is then removed by electropolishing to leave the film window. Following this procedure, self-supporting windows of anodic films, free from the aluminium substrate, having effective diameters up to about 10 mm, are produced. It is shown that the use of the self-supporting window enables the Rutherford backscattering technique to be used to its full potential for the analysis of the barrier-type anodic films, enabling Al and O profiles through the film to be resolved clearly.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stopping powers of an anodic film, formed on aluminium in aqueous ammonium pentaborate solution, have been measured experimentally for α particles, over the energy range 0.7-2.3 MeV. Comparison between the measured stopping powers and theoretically calculated values shows that Bragg's Rule may be applied, with reasonable accuracy (∼5%), to predict the stopping powers of anodic alumina. The density of the barrier-type film was determined by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy to be 3.10±0.15 × 103 kg m-3.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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