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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computational studies of the potential energy surface for O(3P)+H2S: Characterization of transition states and the enthalpy of formation of HSO and HOS (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 161-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Structures and vibrational frequencies for minima and 11 transition states on the O(3P)+H2S potential energy surface have been characterized at the MP2=FULL/6-31G(d) level. GAUSSIAN-2 theory was employed to calculate ΔHf,298 for HSO and HOS of −19.9 and −5.5 kJ mol−1, respectively. The kinetics of HSO=HOS isomerization are analyzed by Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus theory. Transition state theory analysis for O+H2S suggests OH+HS is the dominant product channel, with a rate constant given by 1.24×10−16 (T/K)1.746 exp(−1457 K/T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1. Kinetic isotope effects and the branching ratio for H+HSO production are also analyzed. The other possible products H2+SO and H2O+S do not appear to be formed in single elementary steps, but low-barrier pathways to these species via secondary reactions are identified. No bound adducts of O+H2S were found, but results for weakly bound triplet HOSH are presented. The likely kinetics for the reactions OH+SH→S(3P)+H2O, OH+SH→cis and trans 3HOSH, cis 3HOSH→HOS+H, and HSO and HOS+H→H2+3SO are discussed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.469387
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computational studies of the potential energy surface for O(1D)+H2S: Characterization of pathways involving H2SO, HOSH, and H2OS (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 9405-9411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Structures and vibrational frequencies for minima and transition states on the O(1D)+H2S potential energy surface have been characterized at the unrestricted second-order Møller–Plesset (UMP2)=full/6-31G(d) level. The results for the thioperoxide HOSH agree with experimental IR spectra. Gaussian-2 theory was employed to calculate ΔHf,298 for HOSH of −119.3 kJ mol−1, −47.1 kJ mol−1 for the sulfoxide H2SO, and 47.0 kJ mol−1 for the thiooxonium ylide H2OS. We also derived ΔHf,0 for HOS and HSO of −2.7 and −17.0 kJ mol−1, respectively. Comparisons with ΔHf for known asymptotes on the potential energy surface gave good agreement, except in the case of HSO. Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) analysis suggests that in most environments, except at low pressures and temperatures, H2OS will be short lived, and rate constants for isomerization of the three bound adducts under thermally equilibrated conditions are derived. The potential energy surface is discussed in the context of single-collision experiments, and pathways leading to SH+OH, 1SO+H2, HSO+H, HOS+H, and 1S+H2O have been analyzed. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.467971
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the infusion pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cisatracurium, the 1R-cis 1′R-cis isomer of atracurium, with atracurium besylate in healthy patients (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have compared the pharmacokinetics of cisatracurium with atracurium when given by bolus dose followed by continuous infusion. Twenty healthy patients were anaesthetised with thiopentone, midazolam, fentanyl and 70% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Ten patients (Group C) were randomly allocated to receive cisatracurium 0.1 mgkg−1 and 10 patients (Group A) were given atracurium 0.5 mgkg−1. Neuromuscular block was monitored using a mechanomyograph. When the first twitch of the train-of-four had recovered to 5% of control, an infusion of cisatracurium 3 μgkg−1.min−1 was started in Group C and an infusion of atracurium 10 μgkg−1.min−1 was started in Group A. The infusion rates were adjusted to maintain the first twitch of the train-of-four at 5% of control. The times to 90% and maximum depression of the first twitch of the train-of-four were significantly longer after cisatracurium than atracurium (2.2 and 3.4 min compared with 1.3 and 1.8 min, respectively; p 〈 0.01 in each instance). No significant differences were found in recovery parameters between the two groups. Blood samples were taken at regular intervals following the bolus, during the infusion and for 8 h thereafter. The plasma samples were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography for cisatracurium and atracurium (using a method which distinguishes between the three geometric isomer groups), laudanosine and monoquaternary alcohol. The results were analysed using the Non-linear Mixed Effects Model program. A two-compartment model was fitted to the data. The different isomer groups of atracurium have different pharmacokinetics, the trans–trans group having the highest clearance (1440 mlmin−1) and the cis–cis group the lowest (499 mlmin−1). The clearance of cisatracurium (425 mlmin−1) is less than that of cis–cis atracurium and its elimination half-life is longer (34.9 min and 21.9 min, respectively). The plasma concentration of laudanosine after cisatracurium was one-fifth of that after atracurium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1997.195-az0331.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Developments in Army Sea Water Laundering (1949)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 41 (1949), S. 112-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50469a028
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen-induced gas bubble disease in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 22 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. An Aquatector oxygen injection unit was used to supersaturate a hatchery water supply to 200% oxygen saturation (18–20mg/l) and increase the total gas pressure to 120% of saturation. Nitrogen saturation was reduced to near 100%. Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), held in the treated water developed signs of gas bubble disease in 4 days, and 50% died within 20 days. We demonstrated that supersaturated total gas pressure due to excessive oxygen saturation causes gas bubble disease in the absence of supersaturated nitrogen gas. It is recommended that users of oxygen injection systems closely adjust the amount of oxygen added to the water to keep the total gas pressure near saturation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1991.tb00503.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A lymphosarcoma of thymic origin in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 7 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A rainbow trout with a malignant lymphoma of probable thymic origin showed direct spread of the tumour to the gills, metastases to the liver and head kidney, and the presence of abnormal circulating lymphocytes. The cells of the tumour possessed plasma membrane immunoglobulin detectable by immuno–fluorescence. Examination of the tumour cells by transmission electron microscopy revealed no evidence of virus associated with the cells. Infectious viruses could not be detected in the tumour tissue, and the tumour was not transmissible by injection of live tumour cells into young rainbow trout. Attempts to establish the tumour in long–term culture were unsuccessful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1984.tb00908.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A myopathy in North Dakota walleye, Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill) (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 5 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1982.tb00511.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chilodonella hexasticha (Kiernik, 1909) (Protozoa, Ciliata) from North American warmwater fish (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 2 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1979.tb00152.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The isolation of a rickettsia-like organism causing disease and mortality in Chilean salmonids and its confirmation by Koch's postulate (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A rickettsia-like organism (RLO) was isolated from infected coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), in cultures from six fish cell lines, but could not be cultured on 41 artificial media. The organism was confirmed by Koch's postulates as the aetiological agent of a systemic disease causing signifieant mortality among coho in Chile. The organism was a Gram-negative, obligate intracellular pathogen frequently observed within intracyto-plasmic vacuoles or inclusions of host cells, and appears to belong to the order Rickettsiales, family Rickettsiaceae and possibly the tribe Ehrlichiae. The organism, as well as the clinical signs and pathology it produces, is described. The disease, originally observed only in coho raised in seawater net pens, was reproduced experimentally in fish in both freshwater and seawater aquaria. Horizontal transmission without parasite vectors was observed in fish in both aquaria. The organism was shown, for the first time, to cause disease and mortality in Atlantic, Salmo salar L., and Chinook, O. tshawytscha (Walbaum), salmon and rainbow trout, O. mykiss (Walbaum). Because of the systemic nature of the disease, it is proposed that it be called ‘salmonid rickettsial septicaemia’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1991.tb00584.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a host response to the myxosporean parasite, Ceratomyxa shasta (Noble), by histology, scanning electron microscopy and immunological techniques (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The tissue response of Salmo gairdneri Richardson, against the myxosporean parasite. Ceratomyxa shasta (Noble), was investigated using histological techniques, scanning electron microscopy and immunological methods. The progress of infection in C. shasta-susceptible and resistant steelhead and rainbow trout was examined by standard histological techniques and by indirect fluorescent antibody methods using monoclonal antibodies directed against C. shasta antigens. Trophozoite stages were first observed in the posterior intestine and there was indication that resistance was due to the inability of the parasite to penetrate this tissue rather than to an inflammatory response. Examination of a severely infected intestine by scanning electron microscopy showed extensive destruction of the mucosal folds of the posterior intestine. Western blotting and indirect fluorescent antibody techniques were used to investigate the immunological component of the host response. No antibodies specific for C. shasta were detected by either method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1989.tb00561.x
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