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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @international journal of nautical archaeology 13 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-9270
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Archaeology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 187-191 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A split detector is used in a scanning optical microscope to produce high-quality differential amplitude contrast images. A slight lateral offset in the detector position is shown to introduce information about object height variations to the image. These results are compared with images obtained by electrical differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 211-213 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 06 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The use of the depth discriminination property of the confocal scanning microscope for surface profiling has been adapted to provide a method of high-resolution three-dimensional surface profilometry. Measurements on a semiconductor specimen demonstrate the technique; depth variations of the order of 0.1 μm are clearly resolved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The anisotropy in the directional distribution of gamma-rays from the decay of152,154Tb oriented in a gadolinium matrix at low temperatures, has been measured at the angles of 0 and π/2 with respect to the applied magnetic field direction at temperature of (15±1) mK. Unambiguous values of spin have been deduced for several levels in152Gd. Multipole mixing ratios of many gamma-ray transitions occurring in152Gd have been found and results are compared with the similar transitions in150,154,156Gd and they are discussed in terms of the rotational-vibrational model and dynamic deformation theory based on the Strutinsky method. Our results confirm the spin value of 0 for 21·4 h isomer in154Tb and they establish the spin value of 3 for the 2277·0 and 2336·1 keV levels and the spin value of 4 for the 2416·3 keV level in154Gd.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Host resistance ; Cell-mediated immunity ; Recall skin antigens ; Critically ill surgical patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cell-mediated immunity (CMI) of 47 critically ill surgical patients admitted to an Intensive Therapy Unit was assessed by their response to recall skin antigens and found to be markedly reduced. Thirty-seven patients showed no reaction to initial skin testing (NR), and there were 21 deaths in this group. Ten patients reacted (R) to initial skin testing and only one of these patients died (p〈0.025). Repeat skin testing was performed on 22 NR patients. Eight became R on repeat testing and there was one death in this group, whilst 14 remained NR and there were 11 deaths in this group (p〈0.025). The major clinical difference between R and NR patients was a greater incidence of severe sepsis in the NR patients. These findings suggest that the use of recall skin antigens to assess CMI may be a valuable investigation in critically ill surgical patients and that initial and persisting failure to react to skin tests is associated with a poor outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 7 (1981), S. 291-295 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Serum proteins ; Recall skin antigens ; Critically ill surgical patients ; Sepsis ; Outcome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serum protein levels were found to be markedly reduced in 44 critically ill surgical patients after they had been resuscitated in an intensive therapy unit (ITU). There was no difference in initial protein levels between those patients who survived and those who died, or between those patients who reacted to skin testing with recall antigens and those who showed no reaction. However, albumin and transferrin levels were lower in those patients who had major sepsis (p〈0.02). Twenty-six of the patients remained in the ITU for more than five days. Repeat measurements made in these patients shortly before death or discharge from the ITU showed that prealbumin and transferrin levels were still not different in 17 survivors and 9 non-survivors. However, the mean albumin level was lower in the non-survivors (p〈0.02), although nearly all of the survivors also continued to have low levels of albumin. There was no improvement in serum protein levels in 10 patients who, on skin testing, converted from being non-reactors to reactors. Although reduced serum protein levels were a common finding in critically ill patient, they were not clearly related to outcome or the response to recall skin antigens and this suggests that these tests may be altered by different mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The process of Differential Roughness Secondary Flow (DRSF), hitherto little recognized, recently was demonstrated in a wind tunnel and in a flume. It is suggested here the DRSF may, in the natural environment, play an important part in the persistence and sharp definition of sand ribbons, previously initiated by other processes. In 1980 Karl described a series of sand ribbons, alternating with exposed substrate, which he attributed to the effect of Langmuir circulations. Although Langmuir Circulation Secondary Flow (LCSF) may indeed, in some cases, initiate sand ribbons, the sharply-defined edges typical of these features are explained better by DRSF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 4 (1984), S. 19-23 
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Sand transport rates were measured via bedload traps that were inserted into the sediment surface on the continental shelf southwest of England. Analysis of the trapped mobile sediment shows this to be finer and better sorted than nearby Shipek grab samples. The transport rates are combined with simultaneous, near-bed flow measurements to assess a Bagnold type predictive equation,j = k 1(u 2 100 -u 2 100cr)u 100. The measured transport rates vary between 0.41 × 10−3 and 1.67 × 10−3 gm/cm s. The data yield a mean calibration coefficient (k 1) of 0.4 × 10−6 which is slightly lower than values computed from flume and shallow water data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 73 (1980), S. 105-117 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The two-liquid field between alkali-carbonate liquids and phonolite or nephelinite magmas from the Oldoinyo Lengai volcano has been determined between 0.7 and 7.6 kb and 900°–1,250° C. The miscibility gap expands with increase in $$P_{CO_2 }$$ and decrease in temperature. Concomitantly there is a rotation of tie-lines so that the carbonate liquids become richer in CaO. The element distribution between the melts indicates that a carbonate liquid equivalent in composition to Oldoinyo Lengai natrocarbonatite lava would have separated from a phonolitic rather than a nephelinitic magma. CO2-saturated nephelinites coexist with carbonate liquids much richer in CaO than the Lengai carbonatites, but even so these liquids have high alkali concentrations. If the sövites of hypabyssal and plutonic ijolite-carbonatite complexes originated by liquid immiscibility, then large quantities of alkalis have been lost, as is suggested by fenitization and related phenomena. The miscibility gap closes away from Na2O-rich compositions, so that the tendency to exsolve a carbonatite melt is greater in salic than in mafic silicate magmas. The two-liquid field does not approach kimberlitic compositions over the range of pressures studied, suggesting that the globular textures observed in many kimberlite sills and dykes may be the result of processes other than liquid immiscibility at crustal pressures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 75 (1981), S. 257-262 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Experiments carried out on the system SiO2-NaAlSi3O8-KAlSi3O8(Qz-Ab-Or) at 1 kbar in the presence of H2O and F show that the quartz-alkali feldspar field boundary is progressively displaced towards the feldspar join as F contents increase from 0 to 4 wt. %F. Increasing $$P_{H_2 O} $$ , in the absence of F, has already been shown to have a similar effect (Tuttle and Bowen 1958; Luth, Jahns, and Tuttle 1964). The increased size of the quartz field in the F-bearing system compared to the hydrous system is believed to be caused by progressive removal of Al from the tetrahedral network of the melt by complexing with F. The residual network in the melt is thus enriched in Si and this stabilizes precipitation of quartz rather than feldspar for certain bulk compositions. The common presence of quench cryolite (Na3AlF6) in certain experiments carried out with 4 wt.% F supports this interpretation and indicates that some Al in the melt may be present in six-fold coordination with F−. The effect of H2O in the absence of F may be similar, with Al being progressively removed from four-fold coordination as more H2O is dissolved in the melt. Although a proportion of Al in hydrous melts may occur in six-fold coordination, dry melts predominantly contain Al in four-fold coordination. This major difference in Al complexing may be one of the main causes for differences in the high-pressure phase relations of wet and dry Albearing silicate systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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