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  • 1980-1984  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 19 (1980), S. 168-182 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das idealisierte Problem einer eindimensionalen, instationären, nicht-isothermen Strömung eines Polymeren zwischen zwei parallelen Platten sowie das der nichtisothermen Relaxation, die auf das Anhalten dieser Strömung folgt, wird mit Hilfe der viskoelastischen Stoffgleichung vonLeonov gelöst. Numerische Ergebnisse werden für die Zeitabhängigkeit der folgenden Größen gegeben: des Druckgradienten, der Verteilung der linearen Geschwindigkeit, der Schergeschwindigkeit, der Schubspannung, der Normalspannungsdifferenzen sowie der Komponenten der Doppelbrechung in verschiedenen Ebenen. Die hier vorliegenden Voraussagen sind bezüglich des Druckgradienten in guter Ubereinstimmung mit denen, die auf dem “inelastischen“ Modell beruhen, unterscheiden sich von diesen aber wesentlich bezüglich der Normalspannungsdifferenzen. Das Modell wird auf den Spritzgußprozeß angewandt. Dieser wird als zweistufiger Prozeß, bestehend aus einer Abfüll- und einer Kühlstufe, behandelt. Numerische Ergebnisse werden für die Verteilung der Restspannungen und der assoziierten Doppelbrechung im Formteil gegeben, so wie sie durch die rheologischen und thermischen Eigenschaften des Polymeren und der Prozeßbedingungen beeinflußt werden. Die theoretischen Voraussagen für die Doppelbrechung werden mit Meßergebnissen aus der Literatur verglichen. Gute Übereinstimmung wird für die Lage und den Wert der maximalen Doppelbrechung in der 1–2 Ebene erzielt, während die Voraussagen für die Werte der Doppelbrechung in den 1–3 und 2–3 Ebenen wesentlich kleiner als die gemessenen Werte ausfallen. Die vorliegende Theorie zeigt an, daß für ein gegebenes Polymer die Schmelzentemperatur und die Einspritzgeschwindigkeit als Hauptfaktoren zu werten sind, die die Restspannungen und die Doppelbrechung beeinflussen. Diese sollen auf dem höchstzulässigen Stand gehalten werden.
    Notes: Summary By using theLeonov viscoelastic constitutive equation, an idealized problem has been solved for onedimensional, unsteady, non-isothermal flow of polymer between two parallel plates and the subsequent non-isothermal relaxation following cessation of flow. Numerical results are presented for the time dependence of the pressure gradient, the gapwise distribution of linear velocity, shear rate, shear stress and normalstress differences, together with the components of birefringence in different planes. Comparison of the present predictions for the pressure gradient with results based upon an “inelastic” model indicate close agreement whereas the corresponding predictions for normal-stress differences are found to be markedly different from those for the “inelastic” case. The model is applied to the injection-molding process which is treated in terms of a filling and a cooling stage. Final results are given in terms of the distribution of residual stresses and associated birefringences in the molded part, as influenced by the rheological and thermal properties of the polymer and the processing conditions. The theoretical predictions are compared with birefringence measurements in the literature. Reasonable agreement is obtained for the position and value of maximum birefringence in the 1–2 plane although the birefringence predictions in the 1–3 and 2–3 planes are found to be markedly smaller than the measured values. The present theory indicates that, for a given polymer, the main factors affecting residual stresses and birefringence are melt temperature and flow rate, both of which should be held at the highest permissible levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 23 (1983), S. 20-26 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A theoretical and experimental investigation is presented for filling thin cavities of variable gap thickness. The modeling is based upon a finite-element/finite-difference formulation for an inelastic power-law fluid and includes the effects of viscous heating and conduction upon the flow dynamics. Extensive results are presented for polypropylene and polystyrene melts injected into two variable-gap-thickness cavities, of which one has an insert. Good agreement is found between the predictions and measurements concerning the shape of the advancing melt front, the location of weld lines, and the temporal pressure trace at various positions in the cavity.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 20 (1982), S. 423-440 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: On the basis of the Leonov viscoelastic constitutive equation, oscillatory shear flow of elastic fluids in the linear and nonlinear regimes has been considered. The Fourier components and associated phase angles of the shear and normal components of the elastic strain tensor have been found as functions of frequency and deformation amplitude in the range usually employed in experiment, and are presented in a form convenient for further rheological applications. In the linear case, the results correspond to many known theories. In the nonlinear case, the theoretical results have been compared with experiments, on different polymeric systems, with very good agreement being obtained for the shear stress in polymeric solutions but only qualitative agreement for the shear stress and first normal-stress difference in polymer melts.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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