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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 16 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Seventeen adult beagle dogs with moderate to severe periodontitis were examined at time zero and after a 6 month pretreatment period for plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, and rate of alveolar bone loss. The dogs were then divided into three groups. One group was the untreated controls, one group received tetracycline HCl 250 mg daily, and one group received tetracycline HCl 500 mg daily. Plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, and rate of alveolar bone loss in each group over a 12 month treatment period was compared to the pretreatment baseline values in each group.There was no significant difference in either the mean plaque accumulation or gingival inflammation over the 12 month treatment period in the untreated control dogs or the tetracycline treated dogs. The untreated control dogs lost alveolar bone in the treatment period at a rate similar to the pretreatment period. In the dogs treated with 250 and with 500 mg tetracycline HCl there was a statistically significant decrease in the rate of alveolar bone loss in the treatment period when compared to the pretreatment period.The findings suggest that daily tetracycline in either a 250 or 500 mg dose does not affect accumulation of bacterial plaque or severity of gingival inflammation in the beagle dogs studied. Tetracycline administration does significantly decrease the rate of alveolar bone loss in the treated animals for a 12 month period. An additional report will detail the subsequent 12 months of treatment in which tetracycline loses its ability to reduce the rate of alveolar bone loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 16 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The flora of periodontal pockets 〈 6 mm and the rate of alveolar bone loss of one diseased site in each of eighteen adult beagle dogs were compared during a 6 month pretreatment period and a subsequent 12 month tetracycline treatment period. The dogs were divided into the following three groups and treated as follows: untreated controls (5), 250 mg tetracycline daily (5), and 500 mg tetracycline daily (7). An attempt was made to correlate the flora in deep periodontal pockets and the subsequent rate of alveolar bone loss in untreated control beagles and beagles treated with tetracycline (250 mg per day and 500 mg per day). The bacterial flora and the rate of bone loss of one site in each dog was compared during a six-month pretreatment period and a subsequent twelve-month tetracycline treatment period. The cultivable flora was classified according to cellular morphology. Gram stain, and atmospheric tolerance.The periodontal pocket flora was predominantly a Gram negative anaerobic flora at all time periods throughout the study. The flora of the untreated control dogs spontaneously shifted to a more Gram negative flora at 18 months of the study. In the treated dogs, after six months of tetracycline treatment, there was a significant shift to a more Gram negative flora which returned to baseline proportions after twelve months of treatment. A decrease in the numbers of bacteria sensitive in vitro to tetracycline was found in the course of the treatment period. No significant relationship was found between the cultivable flora of a specific site and the rate of alveolar bone loss for that site.The data suggest that in advanced periodontal disease in the beagle dogs studied a Gram negative anaerobic flora was predominantly cultivated. Broad groupings of bacteria cultivated from each site did not correlate with the rate of alveolar bone loss of each site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 4 (1984), S. 79-106 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Atomic multiphoton processes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Si presenta un trattamento teorico, al prim'ordine nella dinamica della collisione, per analizzare il ruolo della polarizzazione del campo elettrico nelle collisioni atomiche in presenza di un laser non risonante. Sono presentate espressioni generali per calcolare le modifiche dello spettro e le funzioni d'onda per un livellon qualsiasi di atomi idrogenoidi in presenza di un laser, linearmente o circolarmente polarizzato. Sono riportati calcoli numerici per eccitazione di atomi di idrogeno allo staton=2 per collisione con elettroni. Le due polarizzazioni danno notevoli differenze i) nelle modifiche dello specttro atomico, ii) nella struttura delle sezioni d'urto e iii) neirisultati numerici. In particolare, solo nel caso di laser linearmente polarizzato la distribuzione degli elettroni diffusi ad un fissato angolo ha una struttura di linee egulmente spaziate, ma di differente altezza. (La spaziatura tra le linee è uguale all'energia di un fotone laser ℏw e la loro altezza dipende dal numero di elettroni che dopo la collisione hanno una data energia.) Per il caso di laser circolarmente polarizzato lo spettro non ha tale struttura regolare. Poichè tra i processi di collisione in presenza di un campo laser al momento sono piú facilmente osservabili gli spettri guadagno-perdita di energia, si ritiene che i risultati riportati possano essere di stimolo per nuovi esperimenti in questa nuova classe di collisioni atomiche. Nelle linee essenziali si riporta anche la teoria per il caso di laser risonante conn-fotoni.
    Abstract: Резюме Предлагается теоретическое рассмотрение, в первом порядке, процесса соударения электронов с атомами в присутствии нерезонансного поляризованного лазерного излучения. Приводятся общие выражения для вычисления модифицированного спектра и волновых функций для уровня атомного водорода с произвольнымn в присутствии лазерного поля, которое может быть линеино или цирклулярно поляризовано. Проводятся вычисления воздуждения атомов водорода на уровеньn=2 при соударении с электроном. Обнаружено, что указанные две поляризации дают большие различия: 1) в изменениях атомных спектров, 2) в структуре поперечных сечений и 3) в численных результатах. В частности, только для линейной поляризации электрическое распределение рассеяных на фиксированный угол электронов имеет структуру последовательности равноотстоящих линий с разными высотами. (Интервал между линиями равен энергии лазерного фотона ℏω, а высота линии определяется числом электронов с заданной энергией.) Для циркулярной поляризации не предсказывается такое регулярное поведение в спектре. Так как энергетические спектры рассеяных электронов, в процессах соударения частиц с атомами в присутствии лазерного излучения, могут быть легко измерены, то полученные результаты могут служить стимулом для новых исследований нового класса атомных соударений. Предлагается также теория для многофотонного резонансного случая.
    Notes: Summary A theoretical treatment, of first order in the collision dynamics, is presented to analyse the role of electric polarization in offresonance laser-assisted atomic collisions. General expressions are presented for evaluating the modified spectrum and wave functions for anyn level of hydrogenic atoms in the presence of a laser, taken to be linearly and circularly polarized. Specific calculations are carried out for excitation of hydrogen atoms to the leveln=2 by electron impact. The two polarizations are found to yield large differences i) in the atomic-spectrum modifications, ii) in the structure of the cross-sections and iii) in the numerical results. In particular, only for linear polarization, the distribution in energy of the scattered electrons at a fixed scattering angle has the structure of a series of equally spaced lines of different height (the spacing being equal to the laser photon energy ℏw and the height of the line accounting for the number of final electrons with a given energy). For circular polarization no such a regular pattern is predicted. Since, among laser-assisted particle-atom collisions, at present energy gain-loss spectra of scattered electrons are most easily observed, it is hoped that the reported results may serve as a stimulus for new observations in this new class of atomic collisions. The theory to treat the multiphoton resonance case is outlined too.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 80 (1983), S. 78-82 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Punishment ; Response suppression ; Methergoline ; 5-Hydroxytryptamine ; Serotonin ; Pigeon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to assess the contribution of serotonergic (5-HT) mechanisms in the suppressant effect of amphetamine on punished responding, dose-effect curves of amphetamine on key-pecking behaviour of pigeons maintained by food presentation and punished by electric-shock were determined before and after pretreatment with methergoline, a potent and specific 5-HT receptor blocker in the central nervous system. A multiple fixed-interval 5 min, fixe-interval 5 min schedule of reinforcement in which every response, except the reinforced one, was punished in one of the two components (mult FI5 FI5-shock) was used. Effective doses of amphetamine decreased unpunished as well as punished FI response rates. However, the decreases in punished behaviour were more evident and dose-dependent. Methergoline markedly increased FI responding in the punished FI component but only slightly increased or decreased unpunished FI response rates. The most effective dose of methergoline for increasing punished responding was 0.56 mg/kg. Pretreatment with this dose of methergoline unmasked the facilitatory effects of amphetamine on unpunished responding, but did not antagonize its suppressant effect on punished responding. Therefore, although 5-HT seems to mediate punishment-induced response suppression and to inhibit the facilitatory effects of amphetamine on unpunished responding, it is not apparently involved in the suppressant effect of amphetamine on punished behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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