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  • 1975-1979  (2)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1,1-dichloroethane  (1)
  • Aggression  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Chlordiazepoxide ; Aggression ; Fish Behavior ; Sexual Behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two experiments were undertaken to determine the effects of chlordiazepoxide on intraspecific attack behavior and selected non-aggressive behaviors in male Siamese fighting fish. In Exp. 1, pairs of fish fought while immersed in either 15 Μg/ml or 30 Μg/ml of chlordiazepoxide, or plain water. The drug groups showed significantly less attack (e.g., biting, jawlocking) than the control group, without noticeable behavioral toxicity. Also, in the drug groups alone, some variants of the copulatory clasp, seen in normal mating, occurred in many pairs. In Exp. 2, individual fish were isolated in one of the same doses or plain water for a period equivalent to that of Exp. 1. These doses produced no changes in measures of arousal, locomotion, and feeding behavior, as compared to the control condition. The drugrelated appearance of the intermale mating-like behavior is discussed in terms of a theoretical formulation postulating a mutually inhibitory relationship between sex and aggression in fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Electrolytes ; anions ; cations ; heats ; enthalpies ; entropies ; solution ; transfer ; 1,1-dichloroethane ; 1,2-dichloroethane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Heats of solution of nine electrolytes in 1,2-dichloroethane and of three electrolytes in 1,1-dichloroethane have been determined calorimetrically at various electrolyte concentrations and extrapolated to zero concentration to yield ΔH s o values for these electrolytes. It is shown that values of ΔH t o for transfer from water to the dichloroethanes of 1∶1 electrolytes are often negative, so that these electrolytes can be more stable enthalpically in the less polar solvents. Combinations of the ΔH t o values with previously determined ΔG t o values yield values of ΔS t o for transfer of 1∶1 electrolytes from water to the dichloroethanes. These ΔS t o values are mostly very negative; they can be correlated very well by the method of Abraham, and in this way ΔS t o values for transfer of numerous other anions and cations have been predicted. The Ph4As+/Ph4B− convention yields single-ion entropies of transfer from water to the dichloroethanes in reasonable agreement with values calculated by the correspondence-plot method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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