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  • 1975-1979  (2)
  • 1935-1939
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (1)
  • Umbilical artery  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 128 (1978), S. 247-259 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Umbilical artery ; Birth ; Neonatal ; Blood vessel ; Structure ; Closure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The structure of the fully-patent umbilical artery and rearrangement of its structural elements with postnatal closure were examined in 10 centimeter long umbilical cord segments which were double-clamped at different time intervals after delivery. The fully-patent umbilical artery consists of two main layers: an outer layer of circularly arranged smooth muscle cells and an inner layer which shows rather irregularly and loosely arranged cells embedded in abundant metachromatic ground substance. No predominantly longitudinal arrangements of cells and fibers reported by earlier investigators could be identified in the inner layer. Closure of the umbilical arteries is initiated by numerous localized contractions which are mainly formed by muscle cells of the outer circular layer. Ultimate closure of larger segments of the umbilical arteries is also mainly produced by contractions of the outer layer. In contrast, the inner layer (which is rich in ground substance) seems to serve mainly as a plastic tissue which can easily be shifted in an axial direction and then folded into the narrowing lumen to complete closure. Electron microscopy reveals that the cells of this layer represent rather poorly differentiated smooth muscle cells which contain only a few tiny myofilaments and can therefore hardly contribute actively to the process of closure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Sechs verschiedene segmentierte Copolyetherester basierend auf Polybutylenterephthalat als hartem und Oligotetramethylenoxidglykol als weichem Segment wurden untersucht. Der Gewichtsbruch der Hartsegmente lag zwischen 0,26 und 0,72, und die Weichsegmente hatten Molgewichte von entweder 1000 oder 2000. Das Schmelz-, Rekristallisations- und Temperverhalten sowie Relaxationsphanomene wurden untersucht; letzteres mit Hilfe eines Torsionspendels.Die DSC-Daten zeigen, daI3 nur ein kleiner Teil aller Hartsegmente kristallisiert. Sequenzen, die kiirzer oder langer als die mittlere Sequenzlange sind, kristallisieren nicht, sondern bilden zusammen mit den Weichsegmenten eine homogene amorphe Matrix, in die die kristallinen Domanen eingebettet sind. Diese Domanen werden infolge kalten Flusses unter Spannung vollstandig zerstort, bilden sich jedoch bei Temperung der verstreckten Proben wieder aus. Man beobachtet ein exponentielles Anwachsen der Langperiode mit zunehmender Tempertemperatur, wobei der Schmelzpunkt konstant bleibt. Die Sequenzlangenverteilung scheint keinen EinfluB auf das Temperverhalten zu haben.
    Notes: Six different segmented copolyether-esters based on polybutyleneterephthalate as the hard and oligotetramethylene oxide glycols as the soft segments were studied. The weight fraction of the hard segments varied between 0.26 and 0.72 and the soft segment had an average molecular weight of either 1000 or 2000. The melting, recrystallization, and annealing behavior was studied as well as the relaxation behavior via measurement by a torsion pendulum. The DSC-data indicate that only a small fraction of all hard segment sequences crystallize. Sequences shorter or longer than the average sequence length do not crystallize but together with the soft segments form a homogeneous amorphous matrix in which the crystalline domains are embedded. These domains are completely destroyed by cold flow under stress but are formed again on annealing the stretched sample. An exponential increase of the long spacing is observed with increasing annealing temperature without change in melting temperature. The sequence distribution does not seem to influence the annealing behavior.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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