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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 96 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The topical application to human skin of a 1:1 aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide in a well drilled into a plastic block will provoke an infra-epidermal blister in an average time of about 13 min.The blister roof can be used for physico-chemical analyses of the horny layer while the base is suitable for studies of wound healing, bacterial infections, etc.The minimal blistering time (MBT) increases directly as the number of cell layers of the stratum corneum and ranges from 3 to 57 min in different regions and persons. The intensity of the dermatitis provoked by a 24 h exposure to sodium lauryl sulphate is strongly correlated with the MBT. The latter is therefore a reliable measure of cutaneous irritability.The blisters are virtually painless. The inflammatory reaction clinically and histologically is slight. Healing is rapid without scarring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 12 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: For accurate and reliable EEG recording. electrode resistances must be kept relatively low and constant. To ensure that these conditions are met, a fixing agent, collodian, is usually used to fix the electrodes firmly to the scalp. Collodian, however, produces many unwanted side effects. A “double-cllar” method of electrode placement is described whereby electrodes may be firmly fixed to the scalp without the use of collodian. This technique is both faster and less troublesome than the use of collodian. Using this technique, electrode resistances at vertex and occiput were well below generally acceptable criteria (averaging under 5000 ohms) and there was no significant increase in resistance at either placement following nearly 2 hrs of continuous EEG recordings. It is concluded that, under certain laboratory conditions, the “double-collar” method of electrode preparation and placement is superior to the use of collodian.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 2 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A procedure has been designed (the chamber-scarification test), which possesses greatly increased sensitivity for assessing the irritancy of topically applied materials. A forearm test site is criss-cross scarified by drawing a 30-gauge needle over the skin with just enough pressure to cleave the epidermis without drawing blood. The test agent is applied in an aluminum chamber once daily for 3 days.The advantages of the method over conventional patch testing are: enhanced capacity to measure mild irritants, reduced time (3 days versus 10 to 21 days), less effort, less cost, less discombort for the volunteers and greater reproducibility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 5 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: For assessing skin reactions in irritants and allergens, chambers which confine the test substance to the site of application are much superior to conventional patch tests. Because the concentration and volume do not change appreciably, the method allows for quantification and yields more reproducible results.A new aluminum chamber has been designed which is more useful than its predecessor, the Finn chamber, mainly because of its increased capacity. Data are given to show that the intensity of irritant and allergic reactions is dependent on the quantities applied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 18 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Philadelphia, Pa. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The Wordsworth circle. 6:3 (1975:Summer) 183 
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  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    New York : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Revista hispánica moderna. 39:4 (1976/1977) 198 
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Boston, Mass. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Studies in Romanticism. 16:1 (1977:Winter) 121 
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 136 (1977), S. 181-186 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Enzyme Regulation ; Sinapis alba ; Phytochrome ; Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ; Ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phytochrome controls the appearance of many enzymes in the mustard (Sinapis alba L.) cotyledons. The problem has been whether the effect of phytochrome on the appearance of enzymes in this organ is due to a common initial action of Pfr, e.g. due to the liberation of a “second messenger”. We have compared the modulation by light (phytochrome) of the appearance of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)+ and ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase (Carboxylase)+. PAL becomes detectable in the mustard cotyledons at 27 h after sowing while Carboxylase starts to appear only at 42 h after sowing (starting points, 25° C). The starting points cannot be shifted by light. As a major result, in the case of PAL the inductive effect of continuous red light (given from the time of sowing) remains fully reversible by 756 nm-light up to the starting point (27 h after sowing) while with Carboxylase full reversibility in continuous red light is lost at approximately 15 h after sowing. While the induction of Carboxylase is already saturated at a very low level of Pfr (e.g. continuous 756 nm-light saturates the response) and does not depend on irradiance (e.g. continuous 675 mW m-2 red light and 67.5 mW m-2 red light lead to the same time course), PAL induction is a graded response over a wide range of Pfr doses and depends strongly on the fluence rate (high irradiance response, HIR). It is concluded that PAL induction and Carboxylase induction are not only separated in time but differ in every regard except that both responses are mediated by phytochrome. The present data support the previous conclusion that the specification of the temporal and spatial pattern of development is independent of phytochrome even though the realization of the pattern of development can only occur in the presence of phytochrome (Pfr). It seems that there is no feedback from pattern realization to pattern specification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Carotenoids ; Chlorophylls ; Herbicides ; Phytochrome ; Plastid development ; Ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Treatment of the mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seedling with the herbicide SAN 9789 inhibits synthesis of colored carotenoids and interferes with the formation of plastid membrane lipids without affecting growth and morphogenesis significantly. In farred light, which is hardly absorbed by chlorophyll, development of plastid ultrastructure, synthesis of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase and synthesis of chlorophyll are not affected by SAN 9789. It is concluded that normal phytochrome actions on plastid structural development, protein and chlorophyll syntheses are not affected by the absence of carotenoids provided that there is no significant light absorption in chlorophyll. The findings show that the inhibition of synthesis of one set of plastid membrane components (the carotenoids) does not stop synthesis of other components such as chlorophyll and does not halt membrane assembly. Supplementary experiments with the closely related compound SAN 9785, which affects the amount and composition of plastid lipids but not carotenoid and chlorophyll syntheses, suggest that the effect of the herbicide SAN 9789 is due exclusively to its inhibition of synthesis of colored carotenoids. In the presence of SAN 9789 white or red light at high fluence rate causes photodestruction of chlorophyll and ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase and photodecomposition of thylakoids. These effects are interpreted as resulting exclusively from the self-photooxidation and photosensitizing action of chlorophyll once the protection by carotenoids of chlorophyll against self- and sensitized photooxidation is lost.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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