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  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • Microstimulation  (2)
  • Corticospinal neuron  (1)
  • PT cells  (1)
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Material
Years
  • 1975-1979  (3)
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spinal branching of rubrospinal axons in the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 30 (1977), S. 203-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Rubrospinal neurons ; Axon branching ; Spinal cord ; Microstimulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The branching patterns of rubrospinal (RS) axons projecting to the cervical spinal cord between C3 and C8 were studied in the cat. RS neurons were identified by their antidromic responses to microstimulation of local axon branches within the cervical gray matter. Twenty-six of 58 RS neurons projecting to the cervical gray matter also sent axon branches to the thoracic spinal cord. Two out of 40 of these RS neurons also sent axon branches to the lumbar spinal cord. Using a collision technique, it was demonstrated that stem axons of rubrospinal neurons commonly sent multiple collaterals to different cervical segments. Neurons projecting to the cervical spinal cord alone were located in the dorsal quadrants of the red nucleus. Those projecting to cervical, as well as to more caudal segments, were intermingled with the former, and in slightly more ventral portions of the red nucleus. The presence of RS neurons projecting to widely separate levels of the spinal cord suggests that individual RS neurons may be capable of ultimately influencing two or more different motoneuron pools.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237251
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spinal branching of corticospinal axons in the cat (1976)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 26 (1976), S. 215-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Corticospinal neuron ; Spinal axon branching ; Microstimulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Branching patterns of single corticospinal (CS) neurons were studied in the cat by activating these neurons antidromically from various regions of the spinal cord. 1. One hundred and ninety-three neurons were activated antidromically by microstimulation in the gray substance of the cervical cord and the majority of them were found in the forelimb area of the pericruciate cortex. 2. Branches to the lower levels of the spinal cord were found for 30% of the neurons projecting to the cervical gray matter. 3. The remaining 70% sent axons only to the cervical gray matter and some of them sent multiple branches to several segments in the cervical cord. 4. Only a few CS neurons located outside of the forelimb area could be activated from the cervical cord, but all of them also sent branches to the lower levels of the spinal cord. Neurons projecting to both the cervical cord and the lower levels were intermingled in the cortex with those projecting only to the cervical cord. 5. CS neurons activated from a given area of the cervical cord were often clustered together in a small area of the cortex, although some of these CS neurons sent their other branches to other parts of the spinal cord and neurons projecting to other parts were also intermingled among them. 6. The functional significance of multiple axonal branching of CS neurons is discussed in relation to cortical motor functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234928
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further study on the excitation of pyramidal tract cells by intracortical microstimulation (1976)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 26 (1976), S. 443-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: PT cells ; ICMS ; Efferent zones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effective spread of stimulating current for pyramidal tract (PT) cells and fibers was studied using a method of cancelling the shock artifacts and the following results were obtained: 1. The excitability of PT axon collaterals was as high as that of PT cells. 2. These axon collaterals extended as far as 1.0 mm horizontally from the PT cells. 3. The low threshold area for activation of a given PT cell was as wide as 3–4 mm2 on the surface of the cortex. 4. Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) delivered to the PT cell layer produced direct (D) and indirect (I) descending volleys in the pyramidal tract, but ICMS to the superficial layer (III) produced only I-waves. 5. These I-waves grew significantly larger after 15–20 msec from the start of the train of stimuli. 6. It is concluded that either surface stimulation, or short train of ICMS is inadequate for delineating fine localization of motor function within the cortex. Longer train (30–40 msec) with high frequency pulses (300–400 cy/sec) can produce muscle contraction with much smaller currents, increasing the accuracy of measuring the localization of motor function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238820
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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