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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECTS OF NOREPINEPHRINE ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND SOME ENZYME ACTIVITIES OF PRIMARY MONOLAYER CULTURES FROM RAT BRAIN (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 31 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Addition of norepinephrine or isoproterenol to primary cultures started from the brains of 1-3 day old rats caused up to 200-fold increases in cAMP levels, which reached a maximum by 5-10 min and then declined. This effect was studied in detail for norepinephrine. The rise in cAMP levels was followed by morphological changes, in which up to 65% of the cells exhibited an astrocyte-like morphology, and 2-3 fold increases in carbonic anhydrase and (Na+-K+) ATPase activities. However, morphological transformation also occurred after much smaller increases in total cAMP levels. These effects on cell morphology and enzyme activities reached a maximum 1-2 h after addition of norepinephrine and then declined. Carbonic anhydrase activity was found both in the particulate and post 100,000 g supernatant fractions from homogenates of these cultured cells, and in the latter case the activity was activated 3-fold by addition of cAMP. The significance of these obscrvations on the cellular localization of, and functional role for similar increases in cAMP in brain tissue is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1978.tb06575.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECT OF HCO3− ON THE SWELLING AND ION UPTAKE OF MONKEY CEREBRAL CORTEX UNDER CONDITIONS OF RAISED EXTRACELLULAR POTASSIUM (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 25 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Increasing the HCO3− concentration of incubation media containing raised K+ concentrations (18-71 mm) caused increased swelling of monkey cerebral cortex slices. This swelling was mainly associated with increased intracellular levels of Na+ and Cl− ions. It was independent of the type of buffer used and was not a result of the increased Na+ concentration in the media due to added HCO3− or the increased osmolarity. The levels also were unaffected by alteration of the pH in the range of 6·9- 7·8 or pCO2 in the range of 3–81 mm Hg.The anatomical locus of this HCO3− stimulated swelling appeared in electron micrographs to be an expanded glial compartment. The significance of these findings is discussed in terms of the transport processes involved and the role of glial cells in maintaining correct cerebro-cortical ion balances under normal and pathological conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1975.tb06974.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations in cat cerebrocortical capillary morphometrical parameters following K+-induced cerebrocortical swelling (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 47 (1979), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Brain capillaries ; Brain cortex ; Cat brain ; Astroglial swelling ; Brain edema ; Brain extracellular potassium ; Morphometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Histochemical, electron microscopic, and morphometrical techniques were employed in the determination of the effects attributed to K+-induced cerebrocortical swelling on cat cerebrocortical capillary diameter, length, surface area, volume, and minimal intercapillary distance. Bilaterally exposed and intact temporoparietal cerebral cortices of 4 conditioned adult cats were simultaneously superfused with isotonic, artificial CSF containing 3.5 mM K+ (control) and 54 mM K+ (experimental) for 1 h at 37°C with monitoring of systemic vital function, hematocrit, arterial blood gases, and determination of cerebrocortical tissue water content. The mean values for cerebrocapillary diameter were 5% (P〈0.05) greater in swollen tissues when compared with comparable mean values determined for controls. The values for minimal intercapillary distance determined from control and experimental animals plotted as relative frequency histograms represented two distinct populations (P〈0.0005). The significance of altered capillary morphometric parameters are discussed in relation to K+-induced cerebrocortical swelling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690544
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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