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  • 1975-1979  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 3 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The criteria for the separation of invasive lobular and ductal carcinomas are analysed. Lobular tumours account for 14% of invasive cancers in our material. The widely differing figures given in the literature are mainly attributable to intrinsic difficulties of classification. In addition to the classical dissociated-cell patterns with single filing, a targetoid appearance and related features, variants with trabecular, loose alveolar and tubular features are recognized; a ‘solid’ variant requires further investigation. The variants either represent better differentiated forms, or in some cases, an ‘earlier’ phase in the production of the more traditional Indian file formations and dartboard patterns. Focal signet-ring cell differentiation is another newly-recognized feature. The theoretical and practical implications of these variants are considered. The division into invasive lobular and ductal carcinomas is not as easy as most of the literature implies. Five per cent of cases could not be so classified and, in some of these unclassified cases, both ductal and lobular differentiation may be present. In the diagnosis of problem cases, no single parameter proved reliable but a combination of several parameters enables one to make an objective diagnosis in about 95% of cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 26 (1975), S. 703-706 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Autoclave arrangement for oxidation and corrosion tests of materials in pressurized waterThe authors describe an arrangement with an autoclave for corrosion and oxidation tests in pressurized water and steam. The autoclave has been conceived for a pressure of 250 bar at 500 °C. It is equipped with four locks enabling the specimens to be exchanged during operation without any markable influence on the working conditions. The aggressive medium can be exchanged continuously at a rate of 2,5 l/h. In addition to pressure and temperature controls the arrangement is equipped with a water quality control system.
    Notes: Es wird eine Autoklavenanlage für Korrosions-und Oxidationsuntersuchungen mit Hochdruckwasser bzw. Wasserdampf beschrieben. Die Auslegungsdaten des Autoklaven sind 250 bar bei 500 °C. Der Autoklav besitzt 4 Schleusen, über die während des Betriebes ein Probenwechsel ohne größeren Einfluß auf die Betriebsbedingungen möglich ist. Das korrodierende Medium kann kontinuierlich mit einer max. Rate von 2,5 l/h ausgetauscht werden. Neben der Druck- und Temperaturkontrolle ist eine Überwachung der Wasserqualität vorgesehen.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 28 (1977), S. 676-683 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Phase transformations of the ZrNb 3 Sn 1 alloyThe phases transformations of cold-worked Zr-Nb 3-Sn 1-alloy have been studied as a function of heat tratements between 500-600°C in vacuum. Microscopic and X-ray diffraction analyses reveal allow us to state that again of a 50% cold-worked Zr-Bb 3-Sn 1-alloy at 597°C gives rise to a maximum ß-Nb content in the ß-Zr-matrix after 4 hours annealing.
    Notes: Die Phasenumwandlungen der Zr-Nb3-Sn 1-Legierung mit verschiedenen Kaltverformungen wurden in Abhängigkeit der Wärmebehandlung bei Temperaturen zwischen 500 und 600°C im Vakuum untersucht. Durch lichtmikroskopische Beobachtung und Röntgenbeugungsanalyse konnte im Fall einer Zr-Nb 3-Sn 10-Legierung mit 50%iger Kaltverformung, die einer Wärmebehandlung bei 597°C unterworfen wurde, nachgewiesen werden. Daß die ß-Nb-Konzentration in der ß-Zr-Matrix nach etwa 4 Stunden Wärmebehandlungszeit praktisch ein Maximum erreicht hat.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 258-265 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Influence of a mechanical treatment on the oxidation behaviour of ZrNb 3 Sn 1 alloy in oxygenIt has been found by means of gravimetric, microscopic, screen electron microscopic and x-ray diffraction investigations that the corrosion resistance of a Zr-Nb 3-Sn 1 alloy in oxygen (po2 = 3.3 × 104 Pa) between 400 and 460° C increases with increasing extent of cold rolling between 10 and 50%. Initially, the oxidation obeys a parabolic rate law with an activation energy the value of which becomes larger with increasing cold forming. After a critical thickness of the oxide layer is reached a transfer to a linear rate law occurs. The time of this transition becomes larger with increasing cold forming. Form the three processes which are responsible to the oxide layer growth mainly the diffusion of oxygen through the oxide layer via oxygen ion vacancies is the rate-determining step. In the later period of oxidation, however, a diffusion via grain boundaries must also be considered. The manner of the oxide growth is decisively determined by the cold forming regarding to a preferred orientation of the α-Zr grains in the alloy and to an epitaxial formation of oxide nucleus and of oxide crystals in the later period of oxidation.
    Notes: Mittels gravimetrischer, lichtmikroskopischer, rasterelektronenmikroskopischer und röntgendiffraktometrischer Untersuchungen wurde unmittelbar bestätigt, daß sich die Oxidationsbeständigkeit der Zr-Nb 3-Sn 1-Legierung im Sauerstoff (po2 = 3,33 × 104 Pa) bei Temperaturen zwischen 400 und 460 °C mit zunehmender Kaltverformung (zwischen 10 und 50% Kaltverformungsgrad) erhöht. Die Oxidation folgt zuerst einem parabolischen Zeitgesetz mit einer Aktivierungsenergie, deren Wert mit steigender Kaltverformung zunimmt. Nach Erreichen einer kritischen Schichtdicke wird ein Übergang zu einem linearen Zeitgesetz beobachtet. Die Übergangszeit ihrerseits nimmt mit steigender Kaltverformung zu. Obwohl während des Aufbaus des Zunders drei miteinander verknüpfte Vorgänge erfolgen, stellt die Diffusion von Sauerstoff durch die Oxidschicht über Sauerstoffionen-Leerstellen und längs von Kanten und Korngrenzen den reaktionsbestimmenden Schritt dar. Die Kaltverformung bestimmt die Art des Wachstums des Zirkonoxids, zunächst durch eine bevorzugte Orientierung der α-Zr-Körner in der Legierung und danach durch eine epitaktische Ausbildung der Oxidkeime und der Oxidkristallite im weiteren Verlauf der Oxidation.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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