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  • 1970-1974  (5)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (5)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The problem of sulfur protection in peptide chemistry can be circumvented by synthesis of symmetrical cystine peptides. Such peptides are available also by the MERRIFIELD method as follows: Coupling of excessive bis-tert.-butyloxycarbonyl-cystine with an aminoacyl resin leads to the formation of resin bound symmetrical and mixed disulfides. After reduction with a large excess of thiophenol the unreacted cystine-halves are washed out and the disulfide bridges are regenerated by subsequent oxidation with air in the presence of iron (III)-sulfate in dimethylsulfoxide/methylene chloride, or with a small excess of 2,2′-dipyridyldisulfide forming the desired resin bound symmetrical cystine peptide. However, and elongation of this peptide without side reactions is only possible, if the cystine residue is separated from the binding site on the resin by more than one amino acid residue.
    Notes: Das Schwefelschutzgruppen-Problem in der Peptidchemie kann durch die Synthese symmetrischer Cystinpeptide umgangen werden. Diese lassen sich auch nach der MERRIFIELD-Methode wie folgt gewinnen: Bei der Kupplung von überschüssigem Bis-tert.-butyloxycarbonyl-cystin mit einem Aminoacylharz entsteht ein Gemisch von trägergebundenen symmetrischen und gemischten Disulfiden. Nach Reduktion mit einem großen überschuß Thiophenol werden die nicht umgesetzten Cystinhälften ausgewaschen und bei der anschließenden Oxidation mit Luft in Gegenwart von Eisen(III)-sulfat in Dimethylsulfoxid/Methylenchlorid oder mit einem gering Cberschuß 2,2′-Dipyridyldisulfid die Disulfidbrücken unter Bildung des gewunschten harzgebundenen symmetrischen Cystinpeptids regeneriert. Eine Verlangerung dieses Peptids gelingt ohne Nebenreaktionen allerdings nur dann, wenn das Cystin durch mehr als eine Aminosäure von der Ankerstelle am Harz getrennt ist.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: On complete hydrazinolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate), terephthalomonohydrazide is formed from carboxyl-end terephthaloyl residues in a quantity equivalent to the content of carboxyl endgroups in the polymer. The compound is separated from the reaction mixture by ion exchange and determined photometrically [epsiv;240 in 0.1 N HCl = 16,700 (1000 cm2/mole)]. A COOH determination carried out in this way is endgroup specific and, unlike titration, is not subject to interference by ionogenic fiber additives. Aromatic comonomers with acidic substituents (e.g., 5-sulfoisophthalic acid) in chemically modified, cationically dyeable poly(ethylene terephthalate) are determined simultaneously with the carboxyl endgroups by the same analytical method. In this case, the terephthalamonohydrazide and 5-sulfoisophthalodihydrazide are separated by ion exchange, and the difference in their spectral behavior is used for quantitative determination with the aid of a two-component analysis: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{l} c_1 {\rm = (6}{\rm .21 }D_{240} {\rm - 1}{\rm .04 }D_{212} ){\rm } \times {\rm 10}^{{\rm - 5}} {\rm mole/l}{\rm .} \\ c_2 {\rm = (2}{\rm .62 }D_{212} {\rm - 0}{\rm .51 }D_{240} ){\rm } \times {\rm 10}^{{\rm - 5}} {\rm mole/l} \\ \end{array} $$\end{document} where c1c2 = concentration of terephthalomonohydrazide and 5-sulfoisophthalodihydrazide, respectively; and D240 D212 = optical density at 240 and 212 nm, respectively. The content of carboxyl endgroups in polyether esters poly(p-(2-ethyleneoxy)-benzoate), is determined on the basis of the p-(β-hydroxyethoxy)benzoic acid [epsiv;258 in 0.1 N HCl = 16,100 (1000 cm2/mole)] liberated from carboxyl-end monomer units by hydrazinolysis. For copolyether esters with p-(β-hydroxyethoxy)benzoic acid as a comonomer, the contents of carboxyl-end terephthalic acid and p-(β-hydroxyethoxy)benzoic acid are determined simultaneously with the acid of a spectrophotometric twocomponent analysis: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{l} c_1 {\rm = (7}{\rm .65 }D_{240} {\rm - 3}{\rm .27 }D_{258} ){\rm } \times {\rm 10}^{{\rm - 5}} {\rm mole/l}{\rm .} \\ c_2 {\rm = (7}{\rm .91 }D_{258} {\rm - 3}{\rm .49 }D_{240} ){\rm } \times {\rm 10}^{{\rm - 5}} {\rm mole/l.} \\ \end{array} $$\end{document} where c2, c2 = concentration of terephthalomonohydrazide and p-(β-hydroxyethoxy)-benzoic acid, respectively; and D240, D258 = optical density at 240 and 258 nm, respectively.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The usefulness of ten s-protecting groups (R) of cysteine was tested in the MERRIFIELD synthesis of the octapeptide derivative, Phe-Val-Asn-Gln-His(Bzl)-Leu-Cys(R)-Gly. The protectors R studied were benzyl (Bzl), p-methoxybenzyl (Mbzl), diphenylmethyl (Dpm), trityl (Trt), tetrahydropyranyl (Thp), benzylthiomethyl (Btm), ethylcarbamoyl (Ec), benzyloxycarbonyl (Z), acetyl (Ac) and benzoyl (Bz). The Bzl-, Mbzl-, Dpm-, Btm- and Ec-group have withstood all synthetic operations, but these groups with the exception of Bzl, were cleaved to a small extent in the end with HBr/trifluoroacetic acid. Also, the Thp-group was stable during the synthesis, but it was cleaved fully with HBr/trifluoroacetic acid. The disulfide III from the Thp-peptide was obtained in high yield following air oxidation and countercurrent distribution. The pure octapeptide derivatives containing the Bzl-, Mbzl-, Dpm-, and Btm-group, respectively, were obtained with the aid of countercurrent distribution. Following deblocking and subsequent oxidation the Bzl-, Mbzl-, and Dpm-derivatives yielded the disulfides II and III, respectively, in moderate to low yield.
    Notes: Durch die MERRIFIELD-Synthese des Oktapeptid-Derivats Phe-Val-Asn-Gln-His(Bzl)-Leu-Cys(R)-Gly wurden die S-Schutzgruppen R gleich Benzyl (Bzl), p-Methoxybenzyl (Mbzl), Diphenylmethyl (Dpm), Trityl (Trt), Tetrahydropyranyl (Thp), Benzylthiomethyl (Btm), äthylcarbamoyl (Ec), Benzyloxycarbonyl (Z), Acetyl (Ac) und Benzoyl (Bz) auf ihre Brauchbarkeit bei Festphasen-Synthesen geprüft. Der Bzl-, Mbzl-, Dpm-, Btm- und Ec-Rest haben alle Operationen gut überstanden, wurden aber außer der Bzl-Gruppe zum Schluß mit HBr/Trifluoressigsäure zu einem geringen Teil abgelöst. Auch die Thp-Gruppe war während der Synthese stabil, jedoch wurde sie durch HBr/Trifluoressigsäure völlig abgespalten. Nach Oxydation mit Luft und Gegenstromverteilung wurde mit hoher Ausbeute das Disulfid III erhalten. Die Oktapeptid-Derivate mit dem Bzl-, Mbzl-, Dpm- und Btm-Rest wurden mit Hilfe der Gegenstromverteilung rein dargestellt. Nach Deblockierung und nachfolgender Oxydation lieferten das Bzl-, Mbzl- und Dpm-Derivat das Disulfid II bzw. III in mäßiger bis geringer Ausbeute.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Terephthalic acid-tert-butyloxyethylesterchloride proved to be a suitable starting material to synthesize ethylene-terephthalate-oligomers, since selective removal of the tert-butyl protecting group without impairing the ethylene-terephthalate ester bonds was successful. However, experiments to synthesize pleionomeric ethylene-terephthalates by the MERRIFIELD method with the tert-butyl protected acid chloride as monomer did not give the expected results.
    Notes: Terephthalsäure-mono-tert-butyloxyäthylesterchlorid ist ein geeignetes Ausgangsprodukt zur Synthese von äthylenterephthalat-Oligomeren, da eine selektive Abspaltung der tert-Butylschutzgruppe mit Trifluoressigsäure neben den Terephthalsäureglykolesterbindungen gelang. Versuche, pleionomere äthylenterephthalate durch eine MERRIFIELD-Synthese mit dem tert-butylgeschützten Säurechlorid als Baustein aufzubauen, verliefen unbefriedigend.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: In order to synthesize the higher oligomers and pleionomers of ethylenterephthalate with methylester endgroups in pure form, the monomethylesterchlorides of the mono-. di-, and trimeric dicarboxylic acids were synthesized. The synthesis of the desired dimethylesters was effected by using the monomethylesterchlorides as earboxylic components and glycol and some oligoesterdiols as bifunctional fragments. The heptameric and higher dimethylesters can be considered pleionomers because they do not differ in some solubility, melting point, IR-spectrum, and DEBYEogramm from the polymer.
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung der Monomethylesterchloride der mono-, di- und trimeren Dicarbonsäuren mit Glykol sowie Oligoesterdiolen wurden die Dicarbonsäure-dimethylester mit bis zu zehn äthylenterephthalat-Einheiten synthetisiert. Vom Heptameren an waren diese Dimethylester noch nicht beschrieben worden und können als Pleionomere bezeichnet werden, da sie sich in Löslichkeit, Schmelzpunkt, DEBYEogramm und Infrarotspektrum nicht mehr vom Polymeren unterscheiden.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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