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  • 1870-1879  (7)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestic Every-day Life, and Manners and Customs in this Country, from the Earliest Period to the End of the Last Century. (1877)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 5 (1877), S. 83-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0080-4401
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History
    Notes: In the series of papers on “Domestic Every-day Life, and Manners and Customs in the Ancient World,” which I have had the pleasure of reading before this Society, I endeavoured to afford an insight into the mode of living among the people of the nations of old, more especially the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and Jews, commencing with those of which we have the earliest authentic records, and carrying the account down to the period when Roman civilization arrived at the highest state of perfection which it ever reached. I described to you “the style of dress of the people, their cities and houses, the furniture which they used, their mode of taking their meals, their different kinds of amusements, their method of travelling both by land and water, their professional and commercial pursuits and occupations, their arts and manufactures, their way of carrying on war, their religious rites and ceremonies, and their funeral solemnities.” In affording this account I availed myself of the records of various kinds which the people of these several nations have left behind them, including not only the productions of their historians, but the various national monuments which yet remain, the works of art that have been preserved, the relics of ornaments and articles of domestic use that have been discovered, and the relics of their cities and buildings which have survived the shocks of time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3677948
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestic Everyday Life, Manners, and Customs in the Ancient World (1874)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 3 (1874), S. 1-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0080-4401
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History
    Notes: In the survey of the domestic every-day life, and manners and customs of the ancients, already published (“Transactions,” vol. ii., pp. 393–438), we obtained a view of the earliest mode of living adopted by the inhabitants of this planet. We beheld the people at first rudely dressed in wild skins, or covered with garments made of leaves, but gradually obtaining a more refined character, as the progress of civilization which is marked by nothing more clearly than by that of costume, advanced among them; until, influenced and moulded by the classical taste of the people of Greece and Rome, it eventually assumed that form and appearance which are so striking and so beautiful, far exceeding anything which even the science and civilization of modern times have succeeded in producing. We also peeped into the dwellings of the people by whom the earth was originally inhabited, — our primeval ancestors. We first of all found them in rude caves, habitations formed and provided for them by Nature herself. Sometimes they lived in groves. Afterwards they built for themselves tents and huts, which in form imitated their original dwellings. As the tide of civilization rolled on they by degrees effected improvements in their mode and style of living, until at length, among certain nations where civilization had attained a high rank, more especially in Egypt, in Greece, and in Rome, stately cities and superb dwellings were raised, in which the humble and scanty fare provided by Nature was exchanged for luxurious feasts. i now propose to inquire into certain peculiar habits connected with the ordinary occupations and manner of daily life of the people of the ancient world, affording also some account of those amusements by which mainly they were diverted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3677806
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestic Everyday Life, and Manners and Customs in this Country, from the Earliest Period to the end of the Eighteenth Century (1877)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 6 (1877), S. 86-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0080-4401
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History
    Notes: In my former paper I endeavoured to describe the condition of the people at the earliest period with which we are acquainted, and the effect, upon their civilisation produced by the Roman invasion, through the intercourse consequently established between Great Britain and Rome, at that time the grand centre and source of art and civilisation. The darkest period in our national history has now been passed through. Two causes mainly appear to me, in the first instance, to further the progress of civilisation among a people: The intercourse of a barbarous nation with foreigners who are more civilised than the former; The growing intelligence of the natives them-selves, whose capacities are thus stimulated, and their energies roused. Many other causes, no doubt, contribute in turn to the further advancement and development of civilisation, such as the institutions which spring up, and the pursuits that are followed, in any nation. Nevertheless, these two main causes to which I have particularly alluded, appear to me to be the primary elements, and are what first contribute to set the machine in motion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3677985
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestic Everyday Life, Manners, and Customs in the Ancient World (1876)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 4 (1876), S. 364-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0080-4401
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History
    Notes: Thereis nothing which contributes more fully to throw light on the manners and habits of a people, or more forcibly to exhibit to us the tone of thought which prevailed among them, than the rites and ceremonies that they adopted connected with their religion. And the wilder and more extravagant the superstitions which in such a nation prevailed, the more strikingly do they evince the tone of thought and feeling that animated the people. Potent everywhere, and under whatever phase, as was the influence of these notions, they served in each case to develop the whole mind and character of the nation; as each passion, and emotion, and faculty, were exerted to the very utmost on a subject of such surpassing interest to them all. Imagination here, relieved from all restraint, spread her wings and soared aloft, disporting herself in her wildest mood; and the remoter the period to which the history of any particular country reaches, and the more barbarous the condition in which the people existed, the more striking, and the more extraordinary to us, appear the superstitions by which they were influenced. Human nature is by this means developed to the full, all its energies are exerted to the utmost, and the internal machinery by which its movements are impelled, is stimulated to active operation. We gaze with wonder and with awe upon the spectacle thus exhibited. However involuntarily, we respect a people—misguided and erring as they were—whose eagerness to follow whatever their conscience prompted, urged them to impose such revolting duties on themselves; while we regard, with pity and with horror, those hideous exploits which were the fruit of that misguided zeal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3677926
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestic Every-day Life, and Manners and Customs in this Country, From the Earliest Period to the end of the Eighteenth Century (1878)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 7 (1878), S. 176-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0080-4401
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History
    Notes: The Norman conquest, when William, Duke of Normandy, in the year 1066, landed in this country with a number of his chosen followers, and after killing King Harold in battle, and routing his army, established here the Norman sway, and introduced new laws and customs and manners, is one of those leading events in the history of this country by which the most important results upon its whole career, and more especially the cause of its civilization, were produced. True it is that the bulk of the people remained, and many of their institutions continued unchanged. But a great deal that was new was engrafted on the old. The native inhabitants were brought into immediate contact with the people of another country, who were not only more powerful than themselves, but who possessed different habits and pursuits and modes of thought, and who varied from them essentially in character and disposition; besides being used to a manner of living entirely varying from what they found here, and who were moreover determined, as the dominant power, to make changes in the government and institutions of the kingdom. Civilization was thus advanced by the coming in contact of the people of the two countries, and by the superior cultivation possessed by the Normans; and a very great stimulus was given to art, commerce, and national enterprise of every description. Hence, although I do not intend to give an account of the battles and political contests which occurred during their early career in this country, yet the Norman conquest is so intimately connected with, and had so important an influence on the habits, pursuits, and general condition of the people in this land, that it is absolutely necessary, in order correctly to become acquainted with the latter, to take a general survey of the former also.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3677888
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Materials for A Domestic History of England (1873)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 2 (1873), S. 142-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0080-4401
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History
    Notes: There are as many different modes of writing the history of each country, as there are differences between one country and another in all those various qualities which contribute to constitute the character of a nation. Some histories treat on the laws and constitution, some on the political contentions, some on the commercial enterprises, and some on the natural productions, of a country. That, however, which appears to me to be the most important and the most interesting department of history relating to any country,—that which comes home nearest to our hearts and feelings,—is its domestic history, embracing an account of the manners and customs, the pursuits and habits, and every-day life of the people at large. This, however, strange as it may seem, is one of the most neglected portions of history, not only as regards nations in general, but more particularly as regards our own.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3678005
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestic Everyday Life, Manners, and Customs in the Ancient World (1873)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 2 (1873), S. 393-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 0080-4401
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History
    Notes: History is, of all studies, the most interesting and the most generally followed. By this means we become acquainted with what has taken place during the ages of the world which preceded our own; and vast and valuable indeed are the lessons to be learned from the extended experience thus afforded. Of all the various branches of history, that which relates to the domestic everyday life of our fellow-creatures who have lived before us under very different circumstances from those by which we are surrounded, and who have been influenced by events and causes totally different from any of those by which we can be affected, appears to me to be by far the most useful for us to be acquainted with. An account of the wars which have been waged between different nations, a narrative of the political intrigues which have been carried on in certain states, a description of the various kings and queens who have reigned over particular peoples, possess their peculiar attractions for some tastes; but a relation of what were the modes of life, the daily pursuits, the ōrdinary occupations, and the common resources of the people themselves at these various periods of the world's history, appears to me to be a subject that comes home more nearly to us, and is calculated more warmly to excite our interest than any of the former matters. We shall thus be led to trace out the earliest dawn of civilisation, and shall have an opportunity of watching its course from the period when its light first gleamed above the horizon, to that when its midday splendour served to disperse the darkness of barbarism, and to diffuse knowledge and refinement wherever its rays had penetrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3678011
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