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  • 2-Aminofluorene  (1)
  • Amazon Basin  (1)
  • Antineoplastic agents  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of ethanol induction on the metabolic activation of genotoxic agents by isolated rat hepatocytes (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 57 (1985), S. 217-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Benzidine ; 2-Aminofluorene ; 2-Acetylaminofluorene ; Dimethylnitrosamine ; Diethylnitrosamine ; Isoniazid ; Cyclophosphamide ; Ethanol-induction ; Cytochrome P-450 ; N-acetylation ; Isolated rat hepatocytes ; Mutagenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of ethanol-feeding to rats, over a 6-week period, on the activation of genotoxic compounds of different chemical classes, requiring metabolic conversion to exert their mutagenic activity, were studied in isolated rat hepatocytes. The influence of such treatment on cytochrome P-450 content and N-acetylation in isolated hepatocytes was also investigated. Benzidine (BZ), dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), diethylnitrosamine (DEN), isoniazid (INH) and cyclophosphamide (CP) were more effectively activated to products mutagenic towards Salmonella typhimurium by hepatocytes from ethanol-pretreated rats than by hepatocytes from controls. The mutagenic potency of 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) was not influenced by ethanol pretreatment. Ethanol consumption was found to be associated with increased cytochrome P-450 content and enhanced N-acetylation in the isolated hepatocytes. Our results support the hypothesis that an alteration of the hepatic drug-metabolizing system may be responsible for the ethanol-induced increase in susceptibility to certain genotoxic compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324780
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutagenicity of urine from nurses handling cytostatic drugs, influence of smoking (1982)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 50 (1982), S. 359-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Mutagens/urine ; Salmonella typhimurium ; Antineoplastic agents ; Cyclophosphamide ; Smoking ; Environmental exposure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mutagenicity towards Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 of urine from smoking nurses, who were occupationally involved in the treatment of patients with cytostatic drugs, was significantly increased in comparison with that of smoking control subjects. Mutagenicity towards Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 was not increased in exposed non-smokers when compared to control non-smokers. In smoking subjects urinary mutagenicity appeared increased towards Salmonella typhimurium TA 1538 in the presence of S-9 mix. Rats pretreated with Aroclor 1254 showed higher mutagenicity in their urine than untreated rats after cyclophosphamide administration. Therefore, the synergistic effect of smoking might be due in part to induction of enzymes involved in the mutagenic activation of cytostatic drugs. Further, the animal experiments showed that cyclophosphamide (the most frequently used mutagenic cytostatic drug) can be absorbed after oral or percutaneous administration. Therefore, it is not excluded that differences in working hygiene between smokers and non-smokers also play a role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377832
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the patterns of biomass transfer in the benthic fauna of an amazonian black-water river, as evidenced by 32P label experiment (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 215 (1991), S. 153-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Amazon Basin ; aquatic ecology ; leaf litter ; blackwaters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Leaf litter colonised by aquatic decomposition fungi was labelled with Na2H32PO4 and placed in a submerged litter bank in the Central Amazonian river Tarumã-Mirim. Of a total of 540 animals subsequently collected and analysed, 17% were definitely labelled. The phase-spatial pattern of label indicated that most species, notably fish and shrimps, were territorial with a radius of movement rarely exceeding 1 m; while chironomids and other microfauna are virtually stationary. From the distribution of labelled individuals within the litter bank and the gradual buildup of label it seems the fish feed within the same small area over periods of several weeks. The appearance of label in the shrimps was more erratic. The 32P appeared to be firmly retained within the living cells throughout the experiment and passed via the foodchains previously established by analysis of gut contents. The observed predator/prey density and foraging pattern have important implications for competition theory and the maintainance of species richness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00014718
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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