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  • Cyclophosphamide  (3)
  • Dimethylnitrosamine  (2)
  • 2-Aminofluorene  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutagenicity of urine from nurses handling cytostatic drugs, influence of smoking (1982)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 50 (1982), S. 359-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Mutagens/urine ; Salmonella typhimurium ; Antineoplastic agents ; Cyclophosphamide ; Smoking ; Environmental exposure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mutagenicity towards Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 of urine from smoking nurses, who were occupationally involved in the treatment of patients with cytostatic drugs, was significantly increased in comparison with that of smoking control subjects. Mutagenicity towards Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 was not increased in exposed non-smokers when compared to control non-smokers. In smoking subjects urinary mutagenicity appeared increased towards Salmonella typhimurium TA 1538 in the presence of S-9 mix. Rats pretreated with Aroclor 1254 showed higher mutagenicity in their urine than untreated rats after cyclophosphamide administration. Therefore, the synergistic effect of smoking might be due in part to induction of enzymes involved in the mutagenic activation of cytostatic drugs. Further, the animal experiments showed that cyclophosphamide (the most frequently used mutagenic cytostatic drug) can be absorbed after oral or percutaneous administration. Therefore, it is not excluded that differences in working hygiene between smokers and non-smokers also play a role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377832
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary cyclophosphamide assay as a method for biological monitoring of occupational exposure to cyclophosphamide (1986)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 58 (1986), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Cyclophosphamide ; Urine ; Hospital workers ; Biological monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Urine of twenty hospital workers was monitored for the excretion of the cytostatic drug cyclophosphamide using GC-MSD. The drug was found to be present above the detection limit of 0.5 μg/24 h urine in five cases. A clear relationship between cyclophosphamide handling and the detectability of excretion existed. This method developed can be of use for biological monitoring studies directed toward the finding of exposure hazards.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380766
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic activation of 2-acetylaminofluorene by isolated rat liver cells (1980)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 45 (1980), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: 2-Acetylaminofluorene ; Dimethylnitrosamine ; 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide ; Isolated rat liver cells ; DNA-repair ; Salmonella typhimurium ; Mutagenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Isolated rat liver cells are able to metabolize 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) to reactive species, capable of producing mutagenic effects in Salmonella typhimurium TA 1538 and evoking unscheduled DNA synthesis within the hepatocytes. Indications are presented, that these genotoxic effects are caused by different reactive metabolites. Mutagenesis could be blocked almost completely by paraoxon, an inhibitor of the de-acetylation reaction, whereas induction of DNA excision repair was prevented by antagonizing the sulfation reaction by means of salicylamide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303295
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of ethanol induction on the metabolic activation of genotoxic agents by isolated rat hepatocytes (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 57 (1985), S. 217-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Benzidine ; 2-Aminofluorene ; 2-Acetylaminofluorene ; Dimethylnitrosamine ; Diethylnitrosamine ; Isoniazid ; Cyclophosphamide ; Ethanol-induction ; Cytochrome P-450 ; N-acetylation ; Isolated rat hepatocytes ; Mutagenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of ethanol-feeding to rats, over a 6-week period, on the activation of genotoxic compounds of different chemical classes, requiring metabolic conversion to exert their mutagenic activity, were studied in isolated rat hepatocytes. The influence of such treatment on cytochrome P-450 content and N-acetylation in isolated hepatocytes was also investigated. Benzidine (BZ), dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), diethylnitrosamine (DEN), isoniazid (INH) and cyclophosphamide (CP) were more effectively activated to products mutagenic towards Salmonella typhimurium by hepatocytes from ethanol-pretreated rats than by hepatocytes from controls. The mutagenic potency of 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) was not influenced by ethanol pretreatment. Ethanol consumption was found to be associated with increased cytochrome P-450 content and enhanced N-acetylation in the isolated hepatocytes. Our results support the hypothesis that an alteration of the hepatic drug-metabolizing system may be responsible for the ethanol-induced increase in susceptibility to certain genotoxic compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324780
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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