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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical fitness of blind and sighted children (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 56 (1987), S. 69-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Fitness ; Maximum oxygen uptake ; Activity ; Blindness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-seven children (age 7–17 years) with varying degrees of blindness but with no other known disorder were assessed for physical fitness. Twenty-seven randomly selected children with normal eyesight were also assessed. Maximum oxygen uptake ( $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2 max}}} } $$ ) was measured directly during a progressive exercise test on a treadmill. There was a significant and substantial reduction in $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2 max}}} } $$ in totally blind children (mean ± standard deviation 35.0±7.5 ml · min−1 · kg−1) compared with normal children (45.9±6.6 ml · min−1 · kg−1). Partially sighted children had a significant but smaller reduction in $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2 max}}} } $$ . Fitness assessed by a step-test was significantly reduced in the visually impaired children, and skin-fold thickness was also significantly greater in totally blind children. The level of habitual physical activity for each child, as assessed by a questionnaire, correlated with $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2 max}}} } $$ (r=0.53,p〈0.0001). Blind children were significantly less active than normal children, and the difference between mean $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2 max}}} } $$ for blind and normal children became non-significant when their different activity levels were taken into account. It is concluded that totally blind children are less fit than other children at least partly because of their lower level of habitual activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696379
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gamow-Teller beta decay of the very neutron-deficientN=50 nuclide98Cd (1992)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 342 (1992), S. 43-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.40.Hc ; 21.10.Dr ; 21.10.Pc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract For the first time, detailed decay-spectroscopic investigations were performed for the very neutron-deficientN=50 nuclide98Cd. The98Cd activity was produced in spallation reactions between 600 MeV protons and a natural tin target, yielding a98Cd beam intensity of 10 to 60 atoms/s at the collector of the ISOLDE massseparator. By means ofγ-ray and conversion-electron spectroscopy, 19 transitions were found to follow the β+/EC decay98Cd→98Ag. The transitions at 61 and 107 keV were shown to beM1(+E2) andE2, respectively, and the98Cd half-life was measured as 9.2±0.3 s. TheQ EC value of98Cd is determined semiempirically and is compared to model predictions together with the measuredQ EC values of the neighbouring cadmium isotopes100,102Cd and theN=50 isotones92Mo,94Ru, and96Pd, taken from the literature. The newly established decay scheme of98Cd includes 9 excited states of98Ag. Four states at 1691, 1861, 2164, and 2544 keV are directly fed by 0+ → 1+ Gamow-Teller beta transitions with a summed strength of 3.5 −0.7 +0.8 . This value corresponds to 25±5% of the strength predicted for the GT transformation of a g9/2 proton (in98Cd) into a g7/2 neutron (in98Ag) by the extreme single-particle shell model. The GT-strength splitting and quenching, observed for98Cd, are compared with the corresponding data for lighter even-even N=50 isotones, and are discussed with reference to the predictions of more sophisticated nuclear models. We find that only in some cases it is possible to explain qualitatively the observed GT strength distribution and its total magnitude without renormalizing the free-neutron value of the axial-vector coupling constant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01294487
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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