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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidative responses in soybean foliage to herbivory by bean leaf beetle and three-cornered alfalfa hopper (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 639-650 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Soybean ; lipoxygenase ; peroxidase ; polyphenol oxidase ; trypsin inhibitor ; ascorbate oxidase ; oxidative stress ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; Helicoverpa zea ; corn earworm ; Cerotoma trifurcata ; bean leaf beetle ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; Spissistilus festinus ; three-cornered alfalfa hopper ; Homoptera ; Membracidae ; induced resistance ; interspecific competition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Variation in induced responses in soybean is shown to be dependent, in part, upon herbivore species. Herbivory by the phloem-feeding three-cornered alfalfa hopper caused increases in the activities of several oxidative enzymes including lipoxygenases, peroxidases, ascorbate oxidase, and polyphenol oxidase. Bean leaf beetle defoliation caused increased lipoxygenase activity, but had little effect upon peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, ascorbate oxidase, or trypsin inhibitor levels in either field or greenhouse studies. In one field experiment, prior herbivory by the bean leaf beetle subsequently reduced the suitability of foliage to the corn earwormHelicoverpa zea. The contribution of these findings to emerging theories of insect-plant interactions is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02059604
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induced resistance in soybean toHelicoverpa zea: Role of plant protein quality (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 183-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Induced resistance ; protein quality ; Helicoverpa zea ; soybean ; Glycine max ; protease inhibitor ; lipoxygenase ; Lepidoptera ; noctuidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Resistance in soybean toHelicoverpa zea is comprised of both constitutive and inducible factors. In this study, we investigated the induction of resistance byH. zea in both greenhouse and field studies. In a greenhouse experiment, fourth-instarH. zea growth rates were reduced by 39% after 24 hr feeding and by 27% after 48 hr when larvae fed on previously wounded V3 foliage (cv. Forrest) compared with undamaged foliage. In a field study, the weight gain by larvae was more than 52% greater when larvae fed for 72 hr on undamaged R2/R3 soybean plants (cv. Braxton) compared to those that fed on previously wounded plants. A significant component of the induced resistance is due to a decline in the nutritional quality of foliar protein following foliar damage byH. zea. Foliar protein was extracted from damaged and undamaged foliage and incorporated into artificial diets. Larval growth was reduced 26% after four days and 49% after seven days on diets containing protein from damaged plants compared to larvae feeding on foliar protein from undamaged plants. Chemical analyses of protein quality also indicated a decline in quality in damaged plants compared to unwounded plants. Increases in lipoxygenase activity (53%), lipid peroxidation products (20%), and trypsin inhibitor content (34%) were observed in protein from wounded plants. Moreover, a 5.9% loss in free amines and 19% loss in total thiols occurred in protein from wounded plants. Larval feeding causes a significant increase in foliar lipoxygenase activity that varied among genotypes. Lipoxygenase isozymes were measured at pH 5.5, pH 7.0, and pH 8.5 in V3 stage plants of Forrest, Hark, D75-1069, and PI 417061 genotypes. Lipoxygenase activity in each genotype was significantly increased after 72 hr of larval feeding at each pH level tested, with the exception of lipoxygenase isozymes at pH 5.5 in genotype PI 417061. Larval feeding on R2/R3 stage plants (field-grown cv. Braxton) for six days also increased foliar lipoxygenase activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02066000
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Delayed neutron emission of15B,18C,19,20N,34,35Al and39P (1988)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 330 (1988), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Np ; 23.40.-s ; 27.30.+ t
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The isotopes15B,18C,19,20N,34,35Al and39P have been produced as projectile-like fragments from the interaction of a86Kr beam of 45 MeV/u from GANIL with a181Ta target. Separated by the 0° magnetic analyser LISE, the nuclei are identified by means of aΔE- E semiconductor telescope. It is surrounded, in a geometry close to 4π, by a thin plastic scintillator (NE 102) and a large volume liquid scintillator (NE 213) for the detection of betas and neutrons, respectively, from the decay of the implanted nuclei. By observation of theβ-delayed neutrons, the half-livesT 1/2 and neutron emission probabilitiesP n have been measured. TheT 1/2 of18C,20N,35Al,39P and Pn of18C,19,20N,34,35Al and39P are determined for the first time. For the isotopes17C,36,37Si and38P upper limits of Pn are deduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01287265
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total cross sections of reactions induced by neutron-rich light nuclei (1989)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 332 (1989), S. 457-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.-k ; 07.75.+h ; 21.10.Gv ; 25.70.Np ; 27.20.+n
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Total nuclear reaction cross-sections are determined by means of a 4π-γ method. The results cover a wide span of targets for various stable beams. The validity of the method is shown in a combined systematics including also the results of transmission-type experiments. The data are very well described by the formula developed by Kox et al. The same method is applied to secondary fragment beams produced from a 44 MeV/u22Ne beam on a 332mg/cm2 181Ta target. Using the LISE spectrometer the fragments4, 6He,6–9, 11Li,7, 9–12, 14Be,10–15, 17B11–19C,13–19N,15–21O,18– 21F and20,21 Ne are analyzed and transported to interact with a 199.4 mg/cm2 Cu target surrounded by a 4π-γ counter. The measured total reaction cross-sectionsσ R are discussed in terms of the reduced strong absorption radiusr 0 and compared with other experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01292431
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct observation of new proton rich nuclei in the region 23≦Z≦29 using A 55A.MeV58Ni beam (1987)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 327 (1987), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10-k ; 25.70.Np ; 27.40+z
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using magnetic separation and identification through time of flight andΔExE measurements, the nuclei56Cu,52Co (T z =−1);55Cu,51Co,47Mn,43V(T z =−3/2)52Ni,50Co,48Fe,46Mn,44Cr (T z =−2); and51Ni (T z =−5/2) are observed for the first time from interactions of 55A.MeV58Ni projectiles with a Ni target. The predicted proton drip-line has probably been reached for the odd elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01295244
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New neutron-rich isotopes in the scandium-to-nickel region, produced by fragmentation of a 500 MeV/u86Kr beam (1992)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 343 (1992), S. 67-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Np ; 27.50. + e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have measured production cross-sections of the new neutron-rich isotopes58Ti,61V,63Cr,66Mn,69Fe,71Co and neighbouring isotopes that have been identified as projectile fragments from reactions between a 500 MeV/u86Kr beam and a beryllium target. The isotope identification was performed with the zero-degree magnetic spectrometer FRS at GSI, using in addition time-of-flight and energy-loss measurements. The experimental production cross-sections for the new nuclides and neighbouring isotopes are compared with an empirical parametrization. The resulting prospects for reaching even more neutron-rich isotopes, such as the doubly-magic nuclide78Ni, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01291599
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential role of lipoxygenases in defense against insect herbivory (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 651-666 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Helicoverpa zea ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; lipoxygenase ; lipid peroxidation ; resistance ; herbivory ; soybean ; tomato ; cotton ; oxidative stress ; induced defense
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The potential role of the plant enzyme lipoxygenase in host resistance against the corn earwormHelicoverpa zea was examined. Lipoxygenase is present in most of the common host plants ofH. zea, with highest activity in the leguminous hosts such as soybean and redbean. Treatment of dietary proteins with linoleic acid and lipoxygenase significantly reduced the nutritive quality of soybean protein and soy foliar protein. Larval growth was reduced from 24 to 63% depending upon treatment. Feeding byH. zea on soybean plants caused damage-induced increases in foliar lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation products. Larvae feeding on previously wounded plant tissue demonstrated decreased growth rates compared to larvae feeding on unwounded tissue. Midgut epithelium from larvae feeding on wounded tissues showed evidence of oxidative damage as indicated by significant increases in lipid peroxidation products and losses in free primary amines. The potential role of oxidative and nutritional stress as a plant defensive response to herbivory is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02059605
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