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  • Chemical transport  (2)
  • 32.80-t  (1)
  • Atemnotsyndrom (HMD)  (1)
  • Colon  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potassium microclimate at the mucosal surface of the proximal and the distal colon of guinea pig (1986)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 407 (1986), S. 625-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Guinea pig ; Colon ; Potassium ; Microclimate ; Mucus layer ; Preepithelial barrier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract K+ concentrations were measured with K+ sensitive liquid ion exchanger microelectrodes in situ and in vitro in the mucus layer at the luminal cell surface of the proximal and the distal colon in guinea pig. In a first series of experiments K+ concentrations were increased in the luminal solution from 0 to 70 mmol·l−1; the serosal K+ concentrations were kept in vitro at 5.4 mmol·l−1. In the proximal colon mean K+ concentration in the microclimate was in vitro 7.9±3.5 mmol·l−1, and independent from mucosal concentrations. In the distal colon in vitro, and in situ in the proximal as well as in the distal colon, K+ concentrations in the microclimate were increased slightly when K+ concentrations were elevated in the luminal solution up to 70 mmol·l−1. In a second series of in vitro studies K+ concentrations were also altered in the serosal fluid. In the proximal and in the distal colon K+ concentrations increased linearily with elevated K+ concentrations in the serosal solutions. A temporarily interrupted mucosal blood flow resulted in a significant increase in the K+ concentration in the microclimate. A paracellular shunt pathway and a high preepithelial diffusion barrier for K+ would explain the observed K+ concentrations in the microclimate at the luminal cell surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00582643
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhalative Stickoxid (NO)-Therapie bei Neugeborenen: Responder und Nonresponder Eine Übersicht (1996)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 144 (1996), S. 1352-1356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Persistierende pulmonale Hypertonie des Neugeborenen (PPHN) ; Oxygenierung ; Stickoxid (NO) ; Atemnotsyndrom (HMD) ; Response ; Key words Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) ; Oxygenation ; Nitric oxide (NO) ; Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) ; Responder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Critical hypoxemia due to extrapulmonary right-to-left-shunting is a typical feature of neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). To improve oxygenation, inhaled nitric oxide (NO) has been used for the last three years in neonatal intensive care units during mechanical ventilation, thus lowering pulmonary vascular resistance. However, sustained improvement in oxygenation is only noted in one third up to two fifths of treated newborns (responders) if PPHN develops due to primary pulmonary disease. NO has only been used for term neonates until recently, when a growing interest for its administration in preterm babies with hyaline membrane disease (HMD) came up. Since intrapulmonary right-to-left shunting is the main reason for hypoxia in HMD, inhaled NO should prove to be a potent selective pulmonary vasodilator in future studies. Further clinical and experimental studies with animals will be helpful to evaluate the individual newborn as being a potential responder or nonresponder.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die hochgradige Oxygenierungsstörung durch extrapulmonale Rechts-links-Shunts ist ein typisches Merkmal bei Neugeborenen mit persistierender pulmonaler Hypertonie (PPHN). Zur Verbesserung der Oxygenierung wird seit ca. 3 Jahren in neonatologischen Zentren Stickoxid (NO) während der maschinellen Beatmung inhalativ zur Senkung des pulmonalen Gefäßwiderstands verabreicht. Nur 1/3–2/5 der behandelten Neugeborenen reagiert mit einer anhaltenden Verbesserung der Oxygenierung (Responder), wenn eine primär pulmonal-parenchymatöse Erkrankung mit sekundärer PPHN vorliegt. Wurde NO aus toxikologischen Erwägungen bisher fast ausschließlich bei reifen Neugeborenen angewendet, so hat sich jüngst ein Interesse für den Einsatz bei Frühgeborenen mit Atemnotsyndrom (HMD) entwickelt. Da der intrapulmonale Rechts-links-Shunt jedoch die wesentliche Ursache der Oxygenierungsstörung bei Frühgeborenen mit HMD ist, sollten zukünftige Studien die Anwendung von NO als potenten, selektiven pulmonalen Vasodilator in der Lungenstrombahn des Frühgeborenen rechtfertigen. Weitere klinische und tierexperimentelle Studien sind notwendig, um das individuelle Neugeborene als potentiellen Responder oder Nonresponder einschätzen zu können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050093
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoelectron study of the 4d subshell of atomic tin between 35 and 115 eV (1986)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 2 (1986), S. 123-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 32.80-t
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Partial cross sections σ and angular distribution parameters β have been measured for the 4d electrons of atomic tin between 35 and 115 eV. Our data for tin (Z=50) are compared with relativistic-random phase approximation (RRPA) calculations on the closed-shell atom cadmium (Z=48). Satisfactory agreement is found if the results are normalized to the same photoelectron energy. Comparison with RRPA calculations made for palladium (Z=46) and xenon (Z=54) reveals some differences. Other experimental data for the β parameter are in good agreement with our values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01438233
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beiträge zum thermischen Verhalten von Sulfaten. XII. Zum chemischen Transport von In2(SO4)3 mit Cl2 und mit HCl. Experimente und ModellrechnungenProfessor Heinz Dieter Lutz zum 60. Geburtstage gewidmet (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 672-681 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemical transport ; In2(SO4)3 ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions on the Thermal Behaviour of Sulfates XII. The Chemical Vapour Transport of In2(SO4)3 with Cl2 and HCl. Experimental Results and CalculationsBy means of CVT (T1 between 500°C and 825°C; ΔT = 50°C), well shaped crystals of anhydrous In2(SO4)3 can be grown in the less hot region of a closed silica ampoule. We investigated the dependence of the deposition rate on the variation of the concentration of the transport agent (system In2(SO4)3/Cl2) and on the variation of the transport temperature (In2(SO4)3/Cl2 as well as In2(SO4)3/HCl).A comparison of the experimental results with thermodynamical calculations shows a satisfying agreement. The influence of the variation of some additional parameters (H2O from the wall of the ampoule; ΔBH2980(In2(SO4)3)) on the deposition rate is discussed.
    Notes: Chemische Transportexperimente im Temperaturgradienten (500°C ≤ T1 ≤ 825°C; T2 〉 T1; ΔT = 50°C) ermöglichten es, gut ausgebildete Kristalle von wasserfreiem In2(SO4)3 in der weniger heißen Zone einer geschlossenen Quarzampulle phasenrein abzuscheiden. Der Einfluß einer Variation der Transportmittelkonzentration (C(Cl2)) (Cl2 eingesetzt als PtCl2)) sowie der mittleren Transporttemperatur (T̄ = 0,5 · (T2 + T1)) auf die Transportrate wurde untersucht. Weiterhin wurden Experimente mit dem Transportmittel HCl bei unterschiedlichem T̄ durchgeführt.Die Beobachtungen lassen sich durch thermodynamische Modellrechnungen befriedigend wiedergeben. Der Einfluß einer Variation weiterer Parameter (H2O aus der Ampullenwand; ΔBH2980(In2(SO4)3) auf die berechneten Transportraten wird diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19946200416
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beiträge zum thermischen Verhalten von Sulfaten. XVI. Zum chemischen Transport von Ga2(SO4)3 mit Cl2 und mit HCl. Experimente und Modellrechnungen (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 621 (1995), S. 1007-1014 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemical transport ; Ga2(SO4)3 ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions on the Thermal Behaviour of Sulphates. XVI. The Chemical Vapour Transport of Ga2(SO4)3 with Cl2 and HCl. Experimental Results and CalculationsCrystals of anhydrous Ga2(SO4)3 can be grown by means of CVT (e. g. 525°C → 475°C) in the less hot region of a closed silica ampoule. We investigated the dependance of the deposition rate on the concentration of the transport agent (Cl2, HCl) and the transport temperature (475°C ≤ T ≤ 750°C; T2 〉 T1; ΔT = 50°C; T = 0.5(T1 + T2)).Experimental results and thermodynamic calculations on the basis of ΔFH298º(Ga2(SO4)3) = -686.5 kcal/mol show a good agreement.
    Notes: Kristalle von Ga2(SO4)3 können mittels chemischer Transportreaktionen im Temperaturgefälle (z. B. 525°C → 475°C) dargestellt werden. Die Abscheidung erfolgt in der weniger heißen Zone einer geschlossenen Quarzglasampulle. Das Transportverhalten wurde in Abhängigkeit von der Transportmittelkonzentration (C(Cl2); C(HCl)) sowie von der Temperatur (475°C ≤ T ≤ 750°C; T2 〉 T1; ΔT = 50°C; T = 0,5(T1 + T2)) untersucht.Das Beobachtungsmaterial läßt sich mit den Ergebnissen thermodynamischer Modellrechnungen gut in Einklang bringen, wenn man ΔBH298º(Ga2(SO4)3) = -686,5 kcal/mol zugrunde legt und weitere wichtige Parameter (C(H2O), Diffusionsquotient) in die kritische Betrachtung mit einbezieht.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19956210619
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