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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (9)
  • 35.80.+s  (1)
  • 47.45 Nd  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 51 (1990), S. 395-403 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 35.80 s ; 82.80 Bi ; 47.45 Nd
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Laser desorption followed by jet-cooling allows wavelength-selective as well as mass-selective detection of molecules desorbed from a surface without fragmentation. The cooling characteristics and detection sensitivity of laser desorption jet-cooling of organic molecules are investigated. From the rotational contour of the electronic origin of the S 1 ← S 0 transition of laser-desorbed anthracene, rotational cooling to 5–10 K is demonstrated. Vibrational cooling is studied for laser-desorbed diphenylamine, a molecule with low-energy vibrations, and a vibrational temperature below 15 K is found. The absolute detection sensitivity is determined for the perylene molecule. Using two-color (1+1) resonance enhanced multi-photon ionization (with a measured ionization efficiency of 0.25) for detection, it is found that one ion is produced in the detection region for every 2×105 perylene molecules evaporated from the desorption laser spot. A two-color (1+1) REMPI spectrum (400 points) of perylene is recorded using only 30 picogram of material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 35.80.+s ; 82.80.Di ; 47.45.Nd.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated the entrainment in a jet expansion of material vaporized with a laser pulse from a surface below but closely adjacent to the jet orifice. Jets of He and Ar were used as carriers, and perylene was the test substance. Its distribution in space and time far from the nozzle was measured by laser-induced fluorescence and one-dimensional imaging with an optical multichannel analyzer. The width of the perylene concentration profile was found to be much narrower than the width of the gas expansion, especially in He. This makes it possible to extract a useful portion of the entrained material through a skimmer. Depending on the values of experimental parameters, the center of the profile first appears above, on, or below the jet axis and then moves lower with time. Effects of several parameters on shape and time-dependent position of the profile were investigated. The results can be used to optimize the overlap of the concentration pulse with a skimmer or other probe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 41 (1990), S. 457-463 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Chlorkorrosion von Graphiten und technischen Kohlenstoffen - I. Reaktion mit gasförmigem Chlor bei höheren TemperaturenTechnische Graphite und Kohlenstoffe werden als Baumaterial für chemische Apparate und Ausrüstungen, in denen heißes Chlor gehandhabt wird, verwendet. Derartige Kohlenstoffsorten werden aber bei Temperaturen von mehr als 500°C von Chlor mit meßbarer Geschwindigkeit angegriffen. Sie können daher bei höheren Temperaturen kaum mehr als beständig gegenüber Chlor angesehen werden, obwohl thermodynamisch Kohlenstoff in Chloratmosphäre mit zunehmender Temperatur beständiger wird. Für eine Reihe technischer Graphite und Kohlenstoffe unter Einschluß von Glaskohlenstoff wurde die erosive Korrosion in Chloratmosphäre zwischen 600° und 800°C vermessen und mit der erosiven Korrosion in Luft, Kohlendioxid sowie Mischungen aus Chlor und Sauerstoff sowie Kohlendioxid verglichen. Zwischen 600 und 800°C ist die Reaktion von Kohlenstoff mit Chlor kinetisch kontrolliert. Die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit wird kaum durch die Struktureigenschaften der Kohlenstoffsorten beeinflußt. Die höchste gemessene Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit in reinem Chlor beträgt rd. 0,5 mm/Jahr bei 800°C. Die Verbrennung in Luft erfolgt etwa um fünf Größenordnungen schneller. Chlor in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff (0,8/0,2) inhibiert die Oxidation und verlangsamt sie um rd. den Faktor 100, jedoch wird die Oxidation mit Kohlendioxid durch Chlor nicht verlangsamt. Bei der Chlorkorrosion der Kohlenstoffe entstehen außer CCl4 (Hauptprodukt) und C2Cl4 eine Reihe perchlorierter Aromaten wie z. B. Oktachlorstyrol und Hexachlorbenzol.
    Notes: Graphite and graphitized technical carbons are used for the construction of chemical apparatus and equipment, which handle chlorine at higher temperatures. Technical carbons are attacked at temperatures above 500°C by chlorine with seizable rate so that they cannot be assumed to be stable at elevated temperatures although thermodynamically carbon in chlorine atmosphere becomes more stable as the temperature increases. The erosive/corrosive degradation of a number of technical carbons, including glassy carbons, by chlorine has been investigated in the temperature range 600 to 800°C. Chlorine corrosion has been compared with the corrosive action of oxygen, mixtures of oxygen and chlorine, carbon dioxide and mixtures of CO2 and chlorine. Chlorine corrosion is the slowest degradation process of all. Between 600 and 800°C the weight loss of these carbons in chlorine atmosphere is much slower than mass transfer limited and is kinetically controlled and its rate increases up to 0.5 mm/year at the highest temperature (800°C). Combustion in oxygen atmosphere is by five orders of magnitude faster than chlorine attack on carbon.Chlorine in presence of oxygen decelerates the combustion rate a lot, but chlorine has almost no influence on the rate of CO2-attack on technical carbons. The detailed structure of different technical carbons bears only little on chlorine corrosion rates whereas it has an influence on the combustion rate with oxygen. A number of chlorinated aromatic olefines and compounds like octachlorostyrene and hexachlorobenzene are formed as byproducts of the chlorine attack on carbons. The main products are CCl4 and C2Cl4. A second paper will deal with anodic corrosion of Cl2-evolving carbon anodes.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 58 (1986), S. 415-417 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 58 (1986), S. 681-681 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 49 (1977), S. 924-924 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 50 (1978), S. 53-53 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Elektrochemie ; Elektrolyse ; Kapillarspaltzelle ; Stofftransport ; Strömung ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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