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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55.Rz ; 42.60.Lh ; 78.45. + h
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of Excited-State Absorption (ESA) on the green laser transition and the overlap of Ground-State Absorption (GSA) and ESA for 970 nm upconversion pumping in erbium is investigated in Er3+ : BaY2F8 and Cs3Er2Br9. Results are compared to Er3+ : LiYF4. In Er3+: BaY2F8, a good overlap between GSA and ESA is found at 969 nm in one polarization direction. The emission cross section at 550 nm is a factor of two smaller than in LiYF4. In Cs3Er2Br9, the smaller Stark splitting of the levels shifts the wavelengths of the green emission and ESA from4 I 1 3/2 off resonance. It enhances, however, ground-state reabsorption. The emission cross section at 550 nm is comparable to LiYF4. Upconversion leads to significant green fluorescence from2 H 9/2. A significant population of the4 I 11/2 level and ESA at 970 nm are not present under 800 nm pumping.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 29 (1990), S. 27-38 
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Zink ; Phytat ; Citronensäure ; AlkalischePhosphatase ; Metallothionein ; zinc ; phytate ; citricacid ; alkalinephosphatase ; metallothionein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The purpose of this 2 factorial designed study was to investigate the influence of citric acid on the availability of zinc from diets containing 140 g corn germs as a native phytate source (0.5% phytate in diet). Growing male rats with an average initial weight of 42 g were divided into 8 groups of 8 animals each. After a 7 d depletion period (2.4 μg Zn/g diet) the animals were fed ad libitum for 21 d a diet on the basis of egg white solid and corn germs. The diets were supplemented with zinc in order to obtain phytate:zinc molar ratios of 31, 20, 14, and 0 (control without corn germs, 11 μg Zn/g diet). Each diet was fed with and without a supplementation of 1 % citric acid. A phytate∶Zn molar ratio of 31∶1 resulted in typical symptoms of zinc-deficiency like anorexia, alopecia and a significant depression of growth. These effects were apparently reduced by citric acid. The zinc concentration in serum and organs followed the graded levels of phytate:zinc molar ratios. Primary significant effects of the phytate∶Zn molar ratio but also effects of citric acid and interactions between the 2 factors phytate∶Zn and citric acid could be detected. Only total liver zinc but not liver zinc based on fresh matter was affected by the phytate∶Zn molar ratio. In serum and tissues the activity of alkaline phosphatase showed a significant response to the phytate⪍inc molar ratio. Furthermore the supplementation with citric acid increased the femur alkaline phosphatase and slightly reduced it in the liver. The concentrations of metallothionein in liver duodenum, jejunum and ileum were significantly affected by the phytate∶Zn molar ratio.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einem 2faktoriellen Versuch mit 64 wachsenden Ratten (8 Tiere pro Gruppe, 42 g Anfangsmasse) wurde nach einer 7tägigen Depletionsphase (2,4 μg Zn/g Diät) über 21 Tage eine Diät auf der Basis von Eiklarprotein und Maiskeimen als Phytatträger (0,5% Phytat i. d. Diät) gefüttert. Die Zn-Versorgung erfolgte in 4 Stufen (Phytat/Zn-Quotienten) zu je 2 Gruppen, wobei durch entsprechende Zn-Supplementierungen das molare Phytat/Zn-Verhältnis auf 31, 20, 14 bzw. 0 (Kontrolle ohne Maiskeime, 11 μg Zn/g Diät) eingestellt wurde. In jeder Zn-Stufe wurde an jeweils eine Gruppe eine Zulage von 1 % Citronensäure (CTS) verabreicht. Ein Phytat/Zn-Verhältnis von 31∶1 führte zur Entstehung von typischen Zn-Mangelsymptomen, wie Anorexie und Alopezie sowie einer signifikanten Wachstumsdepression, deren Ausprägungen durch Zulage an CTS erheblich reduziert wurden. Deutlich in Abhängikgeit vom molaren Phytat/Zn-Quotienten reagierten die Zn-Konzentrationen in Serum und Organen, für die Leber allerdings nur das Gesamtleberzink, wobei primär Phytat/Zn-Effekte, aber auch CTS-Effekte sowie Phytat/Zn-CTS-Interaktionen auftraten. Die Aktivitäten der Alkalischen Phosphatasen (AP) in Serum und Geweben wurden jeweils durch den Phytat/Zn-Quotienten signifikant beeinflußt. Die CTS-Zulage hatte im Femur einen positiven und in der Leber einen eher negativen Einfluß auf die AP. Die Metallothioneinkonzentrationen in Leber, Duodenum sowie Jejunum und Ileum waren signifikant durch den Phytat/Zn-Quotienten beeinflußt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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