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  • Chemistry  (3)
  • 5-HT  (1)
  • Colitis  (1)
  • Colonoscopy  (1)
  • Colorectal cancer  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Screening for colorectal cancer (2000)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. S78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Screening ; Colorectal cancer ; Immunochemical fecal occult blood test ; Evaluation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract PURPOSE: Screening for colorectal cancer using a guaiac-based fecal occult blood, or Hemoccult®, test has been demonstrated to reduce colorectal cancer mortality. However, the magnitude of effectiveness is relatively low because of poor sensitivity of the Hemoccult® test. The immunochemical fecal occult blood test has been shown to be much more sensitive than the Hemoccult® test in detecting preclinical colorectal cancer in an asymptomatic population. The purpose of this article is to discuss the validity of the immunochemical fecal occult blood test and the efficacy of a population-based screening program using the test. METHODS: Relevant articles were primarily identified through MEDLINE search. Review was focused on the studies of population screening programs with the immunochemical fecal occult blood test. RESULTS: Sensitivities for colorectal cancer calculated in the same population were reported to be 67 to 89 percent and only 33 to 37 percent for the immunochemical test and Hemoccult® test, respectively. Case-control studies and other observational studies showed that screening programs using the immunochemical fecal occult blood test by hemagglutination reaction would reduce the risk of dying of colorectal cancer by 60 percent or more for those screened annually compared with those unscreened. It was also shown that a screening strategy using the immunochemical fecal occult blood test had the best cost-effectiveness ratio among the methods available. Nearly 5 million persons are currently screened per year in Japan, yielding 0.15 to 0.2 percent colorectal cancer cases among persons with positive fecal occult blood test results. CONCLUSIONS: These results strongly suggest that a screening program with immunochemical fecal occult blood test has promising advantages in terms of effectiveness over programs with the Hemocult® test. More stress is warranted on introduction of immunochemical fecal occult blood testing as a screening test in place of the guaiac fecal occult blood test.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02237230
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Endoscopic appearance of the colon and small intestine of a patient with hemorrhagic enteric graft-vs.-host disease (1990)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 33 (1990), S. 695-697 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Graft-vs.-host disease ; Colitis ; Colonoscopy ; Chronic myelogenous leukemia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Endoscopic appearance of the gastrointestinal tract of a patient with severe hemorrhagic enteric graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) is presented. A 29-year-old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia suffered from severe enteric GVHD after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Endoscopy showed hemorrhagic ulceration of the upper jejunum, terminal ileum, and colon at the onset of melena. Sections of biopsies were compatible with acute GVHD. Repeat endoscopy showed gradual healing of the lesions after steroid pulse and antilymphocyte globulin therapy, but the patient died of cytomegalovirus pneumonitis 14 months later. Autopsy revealed submucosal fibrosis of the small intestine and colon.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02150747
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    5-Hydroxytryptamine is emetogenic in the house musk shrew, Suncus murinus (1991)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 344 (1991), S. 564-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Schlagwort(e): Vomiting ; 5-HT ; 2-Me-5-HT ; 5-HT3 Receptor antagonism ; Cancer Chemotherapy ; House musk shrew (Suncus murinus)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The emetic effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-HT3 receptor agonists were investigated in the house musk shrew, Suncus murinus. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; i.p., i.v., s.c.) and 2-methyl-5-HT (2-Me-5HT; i.p.) but not 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (i.p.) or 5-ethoxytryptamine (i.p.) induced emesis with very short latency. Tropisetron (ICS 205-930, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, s.c.) blocked the emesis induced by 5-HT (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and 2-Me-5-HT (5 mg/kg, i.p.) with respective ID50 values of 7.8 and 70.9 μg/kg. Pindolol (5-HT1 receptor antagonist) and ketanserin (5-HT2 receptor antagonist) were about 100 times less potent than tropisetron. The emesis induced by 5-HT was prevented by surgical vagotomy but not by pretreatment with a combination of atropine (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) and hexamethonium (10 mg/kg, s.c.). These results clearly indicate that 5-HT is emetogenic probably through a stimulation of peripheral 5-HT3 receptors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170653
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characteristics of rectifying devices with thin films of polyphthalocyanine (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 190 (1989), S. 2693-2701 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Chemically and thermally stable thin films of polyphthalocyanine were prepared by a simple evaporation-polymerization method. The rectifying characteristics of metal/semiconductor/metal (MSM) type sandwich devices with the film were studied. A Schottky type device metal (Cu, Al, Ti)/polyphthalocyanine/Cu shows reproducible rectifying characteristics when Ti is selected as a counter electrode. The reproducibility is improved by pre-oxidation treatment of the surface of Cu substrate. Best electric parameters for the device are as follows: rectifying ratio = 14; threshold potential difference = 0,61 V; saturation current = 2,5 · 10-6 A · cm-2; barrier height = 0,75 eV; diode ideality parameter = 4,23. Doping of five kinds of quinones [p-benzoquinone (p-BQ), tetrabromo-p-benzoquinone (p-TBBQ) tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone (p-TCBQ) tetrachloro-o-benzoquinone (o-TCBQ) 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ)] and 2,5-cyclohexadien-1,4-diylidenedimalodinitrile (TNCR) in thin films of polyphthalocyanine affected electrocharacteristics in some cases. The diode ideality parameter decreases to 2,17 at 0,90 · 10-6 mol · cm-1 of p-TBBQ, and the rectifying ratio increases to about fourteen times by doping p-TBBQ and p-TCBQ. The doped device shows a rectifying response up to 1 kHz.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1989.021901103
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Graft copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and chitosan (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 18 (1997), S. 547-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Graft copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on a chitosan backbone (PEG-g-chitosan) have been synthesized and their aqueous solution properties were investigated. At pH 6.5 the graft copolymers are 100% soluble, while chitosan phase separates from solution at those conditions. These interesting graft copolymers may be especially suitable as carriers for delivery of anionic drugs, such as proteins, glycosaminoglycans, and DNA plasmids or oligonucleotides.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1997.030180703
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Behaviour of the 1025 cm-1 band of SERS spectra due to pyridine on a silver electrode in aqueous halide media (1993)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 24 (1993), S. 191-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The 1025 cm-1 band which occurs in the SERS of pyridine and halide anion was investigated in detail on a silver electrode in neutral and acidic solution. The 1025 cm-1 band was observed to increase in intensity when the silver electrode was treated with the ORC procedure in the presence of pyridine and halide and the concentration of pyridine was then diluted in neutral solution. On the other hand a band began to appear strongly at 1025 cm-1 when the solution was acidified with HCl after the ORC. It was confirmed that the 1025 cm-1 band appearing on dilution in neutral solution has by the same origin as the 1025 cm-1 band which appeared on acidification. The behaviour of the band can be understood if it is assumed that the species giving rise to the 1025 cm-1 band is a silver-pyridine-halide complex generated by the electrode reaction during the ORC.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250240403
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