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Digitale Medien

Screening for colorectal cancer (2000)

Saito, Hiroshi

Springer

Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. S78

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ISSN: 1530-0358

Schlagwort(e): Screening ; Colorectal cancer ; Immunochemical fecal occult blood test ; Evaluation

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract PURPOSE: Screening for colorectal cancer using a guaiac-based fecal occult blood, or Hemoccult®, test has been demonstrated to reduce colorectal cancer mortality. However, the magnitude of effectiveness is relatively low because of poor sensitivity of the Hemoccult® test. The immunochemical fecal occult blood test has been shown to be much more sensitive than the Hemoccult® test in detecting preclinical colorectal cancer in an asymptomatic population. The purpose of this article is to discuss the validity of the immunochemical fecal occult blood test and the efficacy of a population-based screening program using the test. METHODS: Relevant articles were primarily identified through MEDLINE search. Review was focused on the studies of population screening programs with the immunochemical fecal occult blood test. RESULTS: Sensitivities for colorectal cancer calculated in the same population were reported to be 67 to 89 percent and only 33 to 37 percent for the immunochemical test and Hemoccult® test, respectively. Case-control studies and other observational studies showed that screening programs using the immunochemical fecal occult blood test by hemagglutination reaction would reduce the risk of dying of colorectal cancer by 60 percent or more for those screened annually compared with those unscreened. It was also shown that a screening strategy using the immunochemical fecal occult blood test had the best cost-effectiveness ratio among the methods available. Nearly 5 million persons are currently screened per year in Japan, yielding 0.15 to 0.2 percent colorectal cancer cases among persons with positive fecal occult blood test results. CONCLUSIONS: These results strongly suggest that a screening program with immunochemical fecal occult blood test has promising advantages in terms of effectiveness over programs with the Hemocult® test. More stress is warranted on introduction of immunochemical fecal occult blood testing as a screening test in place of the guaiac fecal occult blood test.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02237230

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Digitale Medien

Endoscopic appearance of the colon and small intestine of a patient with hemorrhagic enteric graft-vs.-host disease (1990)

Saito, Hiroshi ; Oshimi, Kazuo ; Nagasako, Kou ; [weitere]

Springer

Diseases of the colon & rectum 33 (1990), S. 695-697

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ISSN: 1530-0358

Schlagwort(e): Graft-vs.-host disease ; Colitis ; Colonoscopy ; Chronic myelogenous leukemia

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract Endoscopic appearance of the gastrointestinal tract of a patient with severe hemorrhagic enteric graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) is presented. A 29-year-old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia suffered from severe enteric GVHD after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Endoscopy showed hemorrhagic ulceration of the upper jejunum, terminal ileum, and colon at the onset of melena. Sections of biopsies were compatible with acute GVHD. Repeat endoscopy showed gradual healing of the lesions after steroid pulse and antilymphocyte globulin therapy, but the patient died of cytomegalovirus pneumonitis 14 months later. Autopsy revealed submucosal fibrosis of the small intestine and colon.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02150747

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Digitale Medien

5-Hydroxytryptamine is emetogenic in the house musk shrew, Suncus murinus (1991)

Torii, Yoshifumi ; Saito, Hiroshi ; Matsuki, Norio

Springer

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 344 (1991), S. 564-567

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ISSN: 1432-1912

Schlagwort(e): Vomiting ; 5-HT ; 2-Me-5-HT ; 5-HT3 Receptor antagonism ; Cancer Chemotherapy ; House musk shrew (Suncus murinus)

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Summary The emetic effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-HT3 receptor agonists were investigated in the house musk shrew, Suncus murinus. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; i.p., i.v., s.c.) and 2-methyl-5-HT (2-Me-5HT; i.p.) but not 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (i.p.) or 5-ethoxytryptamine (i.p.) induced emesis with very short latency. Tropisetron (ICS 205-930, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, s.c.) blocked the emesis induced by 5-HT (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and 2-Me-5-HT (5 mg/kg, i.p.) with respective ID50 values of 7.8 and 70.9 μg/kg. Pindolol (5-HT1 receptor antagonist) and ketanserin (5-HT2 receptor antagonist) were about 100 times less potent than tropisetron. The emesis induced by 5-HT was prevented by surgical vagotomy but not by pretreatment with a combination of atropine (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) and hexamethonium (10 mg/kg, s.c.). These results clearly indicate that 5-HT is emetogenic probably through a stimulation of peripheral 5-HT3 receptors.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170653

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