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  • 5-fluorouracil  (1)
  • Ash-free biomass  (1)
  • Bone mineral analysis  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Earthworm response to rotation and tillage in a Missouri claypan soil (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 29 (1999), S. 343-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Aporrectodea trapezoides ; Diplocardia singularis ; Population density ; Ash-free biomass ; Crop rotation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Agricultural management practices affect earthworm populations. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of two rotations and two tillage systems on earthworm population density and biomass in a claypan soil. The rotations were soybean/corn and wheat/corn, and the tillage systems were conventional tillage (chisel plowed and disked) and no-tillage. Earthworm and soil samples were collected in fall 1995, spring 1996, and fall 1996. Aporrectodea trapezoides and Diplocardia singularis were the species identified at the site. A. trapezoides accounted for 92–96% of the total earthworm population density and D. singularis accounted for only 4–8%. In a no-till system, soybean/corn rotation resulted in significantly greater population density of A. trapezoides compared with the wheat/corn rotation. Crop residue quality (low C:N ratio) and quantity were important factors in increasing A. trapezoides population density and biomass. Conventional tillage markedly decreased population density and biomass of both earthworm species. Our results suggest that rotation and tillage significantly affect earthworm population density and biomass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050563
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex differences in geometry of the femoral neck with aging: A structural analysis of bone mineral data (1992)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 50 (1992), S. 24-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone mineral analysis ; Hip strength analysis ; Age ; Femoral neck stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The greater hip fracture rate among elderly women is generally ascribed to differences in femoral neck strength between the sexes. Strength of a given bone is a function of both its material properties and the magnitudes of mechanical stresses within it. This study examined the hypothesis that these apparent strength differences between the sexes are due to dissimilarities in the restructuring of the femoral neck with age, which result in higher stresses in elderly women. Using Hip Strength Analysis, a computer program developed by the authors, femoral neck cross-sectional geometric properties for stress analyses were derived from bone mineral image data of 409 community living, white subjects ranging from 19 to 93 years of age. Though both sexes show declines in femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and cross-sectional area with age, only females show a decline in the cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI, a geometric index of bone rigidity). The lack of decline in male CSMI appears to be a result of a small but significant increase in femoral neck girth. Similar age-related changes have been observed in the femoral shaft by others. The net effect of these observed changes is that mechanical stresses in the femoral neck of females appear to increase at three times the rate per decade of those of males. These results lend support to the hypothesis that the higher fracture rate in elderly women is due, at least in part, to elevated levels of mechanical stress, resulting from a combination of greater bone loss and less compensatory geometric restructuring with age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297293
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A phase I study of gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with advanced, recurrent, and/or metastatic solid tumors (1998)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 16 (1998), S. 325-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: gemcitabine ; 5-fluorouracil ; leucovorin ; phase I study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Introduction: This was a dose escalation phase I trial designed to establish the MTD (maximum tolerated dose) and toxicity profile of the combination of gemcitabine, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Methods: Standard eligibility criteria were required for patients with advanced malignancy to enrol. Gemcitabine was escalated from an initial dose of 800 mg/m2. Gemcitabine was administered prior to leucovorin (25 mg/m2) followed by bolus 5-FU (600 mg/m2) every week for 3 weeks followed by 1 week of rest. Results: Of 21 patients enrolled, 20 were eligible for MTD determination. Patients received a median of three 4-week cycles of chemotherapy (range: 1 to 8 cycles). Toxicity was predominantly hematologic or gastroenterologic. Four dose levels were studied. At a gemcitabine dose of 1,500 mg/m2 systemic symptoms of fatigue accompanied hematologic toxicity and patients refused further therapy. At 1,250 mg/m2, full dose intensity was not delivered during the first cycle in 7 of 8 patients treated. Therefore, 1,000 mg/m2 was established as the recommended phase II dose for gemcitabine in this study. Antitumor activity was seen at all dose levels. Conclusions: The combination of gemcitabine, leucovorin and 5-FU was tolerable at full doses of all 3 drugs with an expected toxicity profile. Recommended phase II dose for gemcitabine was 1,000 mg/m2. Initial evidence of clinical activity was seen in a variety of tumor types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006242005837
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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