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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Algorithmica 6 (1991), S. 49-71 
    ISSN: 1432-0541
    Keywords: Addition ; Area ; Time ; VLSI circuits ; Input/output ports ; Boundary layouts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The complexity of adding twon-bit numbers on a two-dimensional systolic array is investigated. We consider different constraints on the systolic array, including: whether or not the input and output ports lie on the periphery of the array, constraints placed on the arrival and departure times of inputs and outputs . For all combinations of the above constraints, we obtain optimal tradeoffs among the resources of area, pipeline delay, and worst-case time. It turns out that there is a subtle interplay among the constraints and some of our results seem counterintuitive. For instance, we show that allowing more-significant bits to arrive earlier than less-significant bits can speed up addition by a factor of logn. We also show that multiplexing can often result in a smaller array. On the other hand, we show that some known results, such as Chazelle and Monier's bounds for arrays that have input/output ports on the perimeter, also hold in less constrained models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Keywords Denitrification ; Pseudomonas putida ; Nitrate reductase ; Periplasm ; Aerobic nitrate respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A strain of Pseudomonas putida that can express a nitrate reductase that is located in the periplasmic compartment was isolated from freshwater. The enzyme was active in vivo during arginine fermentation and at the onset of oxygen limitation in batch cultures. The activity of the enzyme increased the yield of bacteria following fermentative growth under anoxic conditions with arginine, but nitrate reduction did not support growth on non-fermentable carbon substrates under anoxic conditions. Cells expressing the periplasmic nitrate reductase were capable of reducing nitrate in the presence of oxygen. Nitrate reduction under oxic conditions was clearly coupled to a respiratory electron transport chain because: (1) the process was sensitive to the respiratory inhibitors rotenone and 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide, and (2) membrane-bound and periplasmic cytochromes were involved. This is the first report of the presence of a periplasmic nitrate reductase in a member of the γ proteobacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Letters in mathematical physics 23 (1991), S. 287-300 
    ISSN: 1573-0530
    Keywords: 57Q45
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The elementary string interactions are the Reidemeister moves, birth/death, and fusion/fission. Such interactions have as their trace generically mapped surfaces, and these combine to form knotted surfaces in 4-space. The syzygies among these interactions are moves to such surfaces analogous to the Reidemeister moves for knots. ‘Movie’ parametrizations of these syzygies are given and interpreted in dimension 2+2. A Morse theoretic argument shows there are 15 such movie moves. These moves, with appropriate choices of crossing information, are sufficient to construct any isotopy of an embedded surface on which a height function has been specified. The first seven of the movie moves are parametrized versions of those given by Roseman. The remaining eight are moves of Δ-type. Amplitudes assigned to these interactions must satisfy relations that correspond to the movie moves. One such relation is a Zamolodchikov tetrahedral equation. We present some puzzles about the matrix formulations of these amplitudes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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