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  • Chemistry  (43)
  • Chemical Engineering  (17)
  • Engineering General  (4)
  • 74.60.Ge  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new understanding of the resistive state and the V-I characteristic of high-Tc superconductors (1994)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 94 (1994), S. 249-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: 74.60.Ge ; 74.70.Vy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Bardeen-Stephen dissipation in the regime of thermally activated flux flow (TAFF) and flux creep has been considered with respect to its contribution to the activation energy for thermally initiated flux movement. The inclusion of this flux flow dissipation term leads to a new expression for the voltage-current (V-I, or E-J) characteristics. The extended model describes the flux dynamics in the three regimes of flux movement: TAFF, creep, and flux flow, in a satisfactory way and explains the main experimental observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320676
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extension of the 3D-scaling rule for resistivity as a function of magnetic field and its orientation for anisotropic high-temperature superconductors (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 59 (1994), S. 583-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 74.60.Ge ; 74.25.Fy ; 74.20.De
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The measurement of the c-axis resistivity of single crystalline La1.86Sr0.14CuO4 is performed at different constant temperatures as a function of magnetic field H and angle θ between H and the ab-plane. It is shown that the 2D- or 3D-scaling rule proposed for high-T c superconductors does not work well for the present system. Taking into account unusual vortex dynamics in the high-T c systems, an extension is made to the 3D-scaling rule developed on the basis of the effective-mass model. Based on this extended rule, it is shown that at each given temperature the observed resistivity as a function of H and θ could be consistently scaled onto the corresponding Lorentz-force-free magnetoresistivity curves directly measured in H‖I‖c.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331916
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paramagnetic meissner effect in conventional Nb superconductors (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 105 (1996), S. 509-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Keywords: 74.60.Ec ; 74.25.Ha ; 74.60.Ge ; 74.62.Bf
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The paramagnetic Meissner effect (PME), in which the field-cooled-magnetization (FCM) of superconducting samples is positive below the superconducting transition temperature Tc, has been observed in certain ceramic and single-crystal samples of the high-Tc cuprate superconductors and more recently in disk-shaped Nb samples. Through systematic investigations of the conditions for observing the PME in Nb disks, various surface treatments to the Nb disks were found to change both the zero-field-cooled-magnetization (ZFCM) and the FCM, including the appearance of a positive FCM in samples previously not exhibiting the PME as well as the elimination of the PME through surface abrasion. These results suggest that the PME arises from the field distributions created by the flux pinning associated with microstructural defects on the surface layer of the disk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768436
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effectiveness of linear bifurcation analysis for predicting the nonlinear stability limits of structures (1986)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 23 (1986), S. 831-846 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: As an effort to predict effectively the actual collapse load of a structure, a series of numerical studies on the stability of shell structures are made. The difference in formulation between the two types of linear buckling loads, the classical and the fully linearized, is first demonstrated. Their correlations with respect to the actual stability limit of the structure are compared, and finally the two types of critical load approximations are obtained at various stages of a nonlinear analysis to study the pattern of convergence to the actual collapse load. It is found that the fully linearized buckling analysis, when combined with nonlinear analysis, can serve as a useful tool for prediction of the stability limit of a structure. While for most types of structures the approximation is within engineering accuracy, the rate of convergence of the extrapolated critical load also gives some insight to the accuracy of the approximation.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620230506
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solute-membrane interactions in hyperfiltration (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 1809-1822 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The performances of several composite membranes (PEC-1000, Teijin, HR-95, HR-98) and one asymmetric membrane (Solrox SC-200) in hyperfiltration are compared at 25°C using different aqueous feed solutions (0.1M and 0.5M NaCl, 0.5M 1,3-and 1,4-dioxan, 0.1M benzyl alcohol and 2-methoxybenzyl alcohol, 1,2- and 1,4-butandiol, and Triton feed solution). The effects of solute dissociation, polarization, and hydrogen bonding ability on solute permeability are discussed; steric effects are also being considered. Strong solute-membrane interactions are exhibited in hyperfiltration by systems with distinct hydrogen bonding capabilities of the solute with functional sites of the membrane matrix. Knowledge of solute-membrane interactions can be useful for elaborating separation and transport mechanisms.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070330532
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and properties of copolymers from 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-linked nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents with methacrylic acid (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 1481-1490 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: ibuprofen ; ketoprofen ; naproxen ; copolymer reactivity ; thermal stability ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)-propionic acid (ibuprofen), 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)-propionic acid (ketoprofen), and 2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propionic acid (naproxen), were covalently linked with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). The drug-linked HEMA (M1) (ibuprofen-linked HEMA abbreviated as HI; ketoprofen-linked HEMA as HK, and naproxen-linked HEMA as HN), were respectively copolymerized with methacrylic acid (M2), MA, to obtain macromolecular prodrugs. The compositions of the copolymers were determined by means of a 1H-NMR spectroscopy and monomer reactivity ratios were estimated using the Kelen-Tüdös linear differential equation. The reactivity ratios are: r1 = 0.101 ± 0.012, r2 = 1.071 ± 0.065 for HI-MA; r1 = 0.344 ± 0.066, r2 = 0.966 ± 0.032 for HN-MA, and r1 = 0.650 ± 0.182, r2 = 1.032 ± 0.106 for HK-MA, respectively. The monomer reactivity toward to MA radical estimated from 1/r2 values is almost same for all three monomers (1/r2 ∼ 1). The glass transition temperatures of three drug-linked homopolymers go hand in hand with the steric hindrance of three drugs, i.e., ketoprofen 〉 naproxen ≫ ibuprofen calculated the minimum energy by computer molecular modeling. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 1481-1490, 1998
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study on the plasma polymerization of some cyano-containing compounds and their electrical properties (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 3799-3809 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Plasma polymerization of some cyano-containing organic compounds was carried out at 13.56 MHz from the gas phase. The resulting polymer films were smooth and pinhole free. The electrical conductivities of the polymer films varied from 10-12 to 10-7 S cm-1 depending upon which cyano-containing monomer was used. The Al/polymer film/ITO (indium-tin oxide) sandwich cells made from the films demonstrated a photovoltaic effect, and some of them showed good rectifying behavior. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) and ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV) were utilized to characterize the structure of the product polymers. The effects of the original structure in the starting monomers on the structure of the resulting polymers are investigated. The influence of incident light intensity on the photovoltaic characteristics was also investigated.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1989.080271120
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a recovery process for novobiocin (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 15 (1973), S. 533-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A periodic countercurrent whole beer process was developed for the recovery of novobiocin to eliminate the high cost of mycelium filtration and accompanying antibiotic losses in the filter cake. In such a process screened, but unfiltered, novobiocin fermentation beer is contacted with a special grade of an anionic-exchange resin in a series of specially designed, well mixed columns. Each column is fitted with a screen sized to retain resin within the column but allow the cells to press. Periodically the lead column is isolated from the column train, washed free of beer solids, and eluted. A freshly eluted column is placed in the trail position to allow countercurrent operation. The eluate is then processed to crystalline product.A mathematical model for the sorption of novobiocin was developed based on a suitable continuity equation and mass transfer and equilibrium relationships determined in the laboratory. Digital computations of this model correlated well with laboratory and pilot plant data, and predicted well the performance of the production units. This simulation has been in continued use to predict and reoptimize plant operation as process changes (such as improved beer titers, increased production rate, and the evaluation of superior ion-exchange resins) occurred or were anticipated.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260150309
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Falling film evaporation of binary mixtures (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 207-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The interactive effects of heat and mass transfer in evaporation of binary mixtures flowing as falling films on vertical surfaces was investigated. Evaporative heat-transfer coefficients were measured for aqueous mixtures of ethylene and propylene glycol, with boiling ranges up to 55°C. Tests were carried out at atmospheric pressure with heat fluxes ranging from 3,000 to 25,000 W/m2, and film Reynolds numbers ranging from 300 to 3,000. Results indicated that the heat-transfer coefficient for mixtures depends weakly on wall superheat and film Reynolds number, but strongly depends on mixture composition. Analysis of the results indicates that mass-transfer resistance in the liquid film causes significant elevation of the interface temperature, causing a reduction of the effective temperature driving force. A semiempirical model for correlation of the interactive heat-and mass-transfer phenomena is proposed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690400203
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mechanistic study of oxygen transfer in aqueous systems (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 271-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oxygen transfer coefficients were evaluated for a 14-liter stirred tank fermentor equipped with an oxygen probe, employing elemental copper adsorbed on a weakly basic anion-exchange resin as a solid phase oxygen acceptor. The use of a solid phase oxygen acceptor allowed evaluation of mass transfer resistances associated with the solid phase, and the effect of an oxygen adsorbing solid phase on the overall oxygen transport system, portions of the oxygen transfer process that are neglected by the conventional sulfite oxidation method commonly employed. It was concluded from the data obtained that a transport pathway involving transfer of oxygen to particles present near the air-water interface was a significant oxygen transport pathway for the system studied. Oxygen probe measurements performed on the bulk liquid did not recognize this pathway, suggesting that data taken on biological systems by use of techniques involving oxygen concentration measurements in the bulk liquid may not give the true oxygen absorbing capacity of a system.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130209
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