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  • 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine  (1)
  • Airway hyperresponsivenessEosinophils  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words Styrene ; Styrene-7 ; 8-oxide ; Human white blood cells ; 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine ; Oxidative DNA damage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Styrene-7,8-oxide (SO), the major in vivo metabolite of styrene, is a genotoxic compound and a potential carcinogenic hazard to occupationally exposed workers. The aim of the present work was to investigate the ability of styrene exposure to induce formation of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in white blood cells (WBC) of boatbuilders occupationally exposed to styrene. The study of these adducts was conducted to see if styrene exposure can cause oxidative damage of DNA. The 8-OHdG/105 dG ratio from 17 styrene-exposed workers showed significant increases (mean ± SD, 2.23 ± 0.54, median 2.35, P 〈 0.001) in comparison to the controls (1.52 ± 0.45, median 1.50). However, 11 out of 17 workers who were between the ages of 32 and 60 years and had been occupationally exposed to styrene for 〉10 years showed higher 8-OHdG/105 dG ratios (2.31 ± 0.62, median 2.37) in comparison to 6 workers with 〈6 years of occupational styrene-exposure (2.11 ± 0.36, median 2.05; P 〉 0.05, no significant difference between the two groups of workers). The studies presented here provide an indication that styrene exposure can result in oxidative DNA damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Keywords: Asthma ; Inflammation ; Airway hyperresponsivenessEosinophils ; Leukotrienes ; Prostaglandins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is a volatile, highly reactive chemical widely used as a polymerizing agent in the production of polyurethane foams, lacquers, adhesives, and other items. Repeated airway exposures in the workplace to TDI may cause a concentration-dependent risk of developing chronic airway disorders. Different pathomechanisms are involved. IgE-mediated sensitization and irritative effects were clearly demonstrated in exposed subjects as well as in animals. In this study we examined the cellular and mediator composition in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of guinea pigs (eight in each group) exposed to TDI (10, 20, or 30 ppb) on 5 consecutive days for 2 hours each. Increased numbers of eosinophils and significantly elevated levels of LTB4 and LTC4/LTD4/LTE4 were obtained in BALF of all exposed animals when compared to nonexposed control animals. PGD2 and TXB2 remained unaltered in BALF. Stimulation of BALF cells of exposed and control animals with Ca-ionophore A23187 and arachidonic acid induced an increased generation of LTB4. Furthermore, BALF cells of the exposed animal groups generated immunoreactive LTC4/LTD4/LTE4, whereas controls did not show peptido-leukotriene formation in the presence and absence of stimuli. Our data clearly demonstrate an influx of eosinophils into the airways associated with mediator release and higher cellular responsiveness after TDI exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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