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Digitale Medien

Does Salicylic Acid Act as a Signal in Cotton for Induced Resistance to Helicoverpa zea? (1997)

BI, J. L. ; Murphy, J. B. ; Felton, G. W.

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 1805-1818

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Salicylic acid ; systemic acquired resistance ; hydrogen peroxide ; catalase ; ascorbate peroxidase ; signaling ; induced resistance ; herbivory ; Gossypium hirsutum ; Helicoverpa zea

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Our previous study indicated that insect herbivory on cotton induced resistance to the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa zea). Here we examine the role of salicylic acid as a signal in cotton for the induced resistance. Abundant evidence has accumulated showing that salicylic acid plays a key role in coordinating the expression of systemic acquired resistance against phyto-pathogens. We report that herbivory results in significant increases in foliar salicylic acid and H2O2, a response frequently observed following pathogenesis. In other well-studied systems (e.g., tobacco), salicylic acid inhibits the enzymatic decomposition of H2O2 by catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, but in cotton, salicylic acid has no effect on these enzymes in vitro. Furthermore, while herbivory enhances foliar catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities, the application of salicylic acid or methyl salicylate to cotton plants does not affect foliar resistance to H. zea. The possible role of salicylic acid as a signal for induced resistance is discussed in light of these findings.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006452.81324.b8

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Digitale Medien

Response suppression induced with selective 5-HT agonists can be differentially blocked with LY53857 in an animal model of depression (1992)

Engleman, E. A. ; Murphy, J. M. ; Zhou, F. C. ; [weitere]

Springer

Neurochemical research 17 (1992), S. 483-488

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ISSN: 1573-6903

Schlagwort(e): Behavior ; serotonin ; DOI ; 8-OH-DPAT ; 5-HTP ; depression

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract Studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that administration of the selective 5-HT2/1C antagonist LY53857 can block 5-HTP-induced response suppression. To further investigate the serotonergic mechanisms involved in this effect, we decided to test the capacity of LY53857 to block response suppression induced with two selective 5-HT agonists. After a 15 minute baseline period, rats trained to press a lever for milk reinforcement on a VI 1′ schedule were given IP injections of 1.0 mg/kg DOI, or 1.0 mg/kg 8-OH-DPAT to induce response suppression. Subsequently, rats were injected with 1.0 mg/kg LY53857 1 hour prior to DOI- or 8-OH-DPAT-induced response suppression. Preinjections with LY53857 resulted in a 100% blockade of DOI-induced response suppression whereas the same dose did not block response suppression induced with 8-OH-DPAT. These results indicate that the 5-HTP-induced response suppression shows some pharmacological similarity to DOI-induced response suppression and may be mediated through 5-HT2 and/or 5-HT1C receptors.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00969896

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Digitale Medien

Antinutritive and Oxidative Components as Mechanisms of Induced Resistance in Cotton to Helicoverpa zea (1997)

Bi, J. L. ; Murphy, J. B. ; Felton, G. W.

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 97-117

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Oxidative stress ; nutritional stress ; induced resistance ; chlorogenic acid ; insect–plant interactions ; herbivory ; tannins ; polyphenol oxidase ; lignin ; phenolics ; Gossypium hirsutum ; Helicoverpa zea

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Induced resistance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) foliage and squares to herbivory by Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is reported in this study. Induced resistance was indicated by decreased larval growth when larvae fed on previously damaged foliage or squares compared to the controls. Herbivory caused a significant decline in host nutritional quality as shown by a reduction in protein and most amino acids in both foliage and squares. Peroxidase, ascorbate oxidase, and diamine oxidase activities increased in both damaged foliage and squares, whereas levels of the nutritional antioxidant, ascorbate, were depressed after larval feeding. Larval feeding also markedly enhanced lipoxygenase activity and lipid peroxides in square tissues. Moreover, feeding damage altered the quantitative levels of phenolic compounds in foliage and squares. These results indicate a significant shift in the oxidative status of cotton plants following herbivory as indicated by increased oxidative enzyme activity, decreased levels of the nutritional antioxidant ascorbate, and increased levels of phenolic prooxidants (i.e., chlorogenic acid) and lipid peroxides.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006348.62578.fd

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