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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Operative factors affecting tumor cell distribution following laparoscopic colectomy in a porcine model (1997)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 40 (1997), S. 939-945 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Laparoscopy ; Port site implants ; Colectomy ; Complications ; Pneumoperitoneum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract BACKGROUND: An increased risk of laparoscopic port wound tumor implantation in the presence of overt or covert abdominal malignancy has been identified. PURPOSE: A porcine laparoscopic colectomy model has been used to quantify the influence surgical practices may have on tumor cell implantation. METHODS:51Cr-labeled, fixed HeLa cells were injected intraperitoneally before surgery. Tumor cell contamination of instruments, ports, security threads, and excised wound margins was assessed by gamma counting. RESULTS: Greatest contamination occurred in ports used by the operating surgeon under pneumoperitoneum (64 percent of all port wound tumor cells) and mechanical elevation (76 percent). Gasless surgery in patients in the head-down position increased the rostral accumulation of tumor cells in the abdomen and right upper quadrant port wound by 330 and 176 percent, respectively. Under pneumoperitoneum, port movement was the major contributor to port leakage and wound contamination (21 percent of total recovered wound tumor cells per port). Tumor cells were not carried in aerosol form. Instrument passage and the withdrawal of security threads through the abdominal wall increased port wound contamination 430 and 263 percent, respectively, over pneumoperitoneum control ports. Preoperative lavage reduced by 61 percent, but did not eliminate, wound contamination. CONCLUSION: This porcine model may be used to evaluate surgical factors for the impact on port wound contamination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02051202
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of paired-pulse facilitation of AMPA and NMDA receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents in the hippocampus (1994)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 101 (1994), S. 272-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Paired-pulse facilitation ; AMPA receptor NMDA receptor ; Synaptic transmission Amino acid neurotransmitters ; Hippocampus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Paired-pulse facilitation of excitatory synaptic transmission was investigated in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices using whole-cell patch-clamp recording. To optimise the measurement of excitatory synaptic transmission, γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA)-mediated synaptic inhibition was eliminated using both GABAA and GABAB antagonists. Pure α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) or N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) were then isolated pharmacologically. Paired-pulse facilitation of either AMPA or NMDA receptor-mediated EPSCs (EPSCA and EPSCN, respectively) was investigated using two stimuli of identical strength delivered at intervals of between 25 and 1000 ms. The paired-pulse facilitation profiles of both EPSCA and EPSCN were similar. Pairedpulse facilitation of EPSCA was independent of holding potential. In contrast paired-pulse facilitation of EPSCN was markedly voltage-dependent; maximum facilitation was recorded at hyperpolarised membrane potentials. At positive membrane potentials there was little or no paired-pulse facilitation and, in most neurones, pairedpulse depression was observed. Voltage-dependence of paired-pulse facilitation of EPSCN was similar in the presence or nominal absence of Mg2+ in the bathing medium, and was unaffected by extensive dialysis of neurones with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA). These data are consistent with a presynaptic locus for paired-pulse facilitation of EPSCA. However, paired-pulse facilitation of EPSCN involves postsynaptic factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228747
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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