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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: pirenzepine ; hepatic insufficiency ; hepato-renal insufficiency ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The steady-state intravenous pharmacokinetics of pirenzepine has been investigated in patients with chronic liver disease and others with combined chronic liver disease and renal sufficiency. The plasma clearance (CL) of Pirenzepine, steady-state plasma concentration Cmin(ss) and dominant half life t1/2γ were not significantly altered in the chronic liver disease group. In patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency, CL was reduced, t1/2γ was prolonged from 11.1 to 19.4 h and Cmin(ss) was elevated from 36 ng/ml to 66 ng/ml compared to healthy controls. Plasma concentrations remained in the therapeutic range and the dosage regimen was well tolerated. Adjustment of the dose of pirenzepine need be considered only in cases of severe impairment of both renal and hepatic elimination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 75-78 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: pirenzepine ; renal insufficiency ; haemodialysis ; steady-state pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The steady-state intravenous pharmacokinetics of pirenzepine has been investigated in 57 subjects whose renal function ranged from normal to chronic failure requiring regular haemodialysis. Pirenzepine renal clearance, total clearance and terminal (dominant) half-life were found to be correlated with the creatinine clearance (CLCR), but this was not the case for the volume of distribution and the nonrenal clearance. The therapeutic regimen was well tolerated by all subjects. Haemodialysis did not significantly contribute to the elimination of pirenzepine. Dosage adjustment need only be considered in patients with CLCR〈25 ml/min in order to reduce the frequency of minor side-effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Alveolar Ventilation ; Pulmonary Blood Flow ; O2 Diffusing Capacity ; AaD Caused by Distribution Irregularities ; AaD Caused by Shunt ; Alveoläre Ventilation ; Lungendurchblutung ; O2-Diffusions-kapazität ; verteilungsbedingteAaD ; shuntbedingteAaD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach dem Verfahren der Verteilungsanalyse von Ventilation $$\dot V_A $$ , Perfusion, $$\dot Q$$ und O2-DiffusionskapazitätD L in der menschlichen Lunge werden 14 lungengesunde Jugendliche, 6 ältere Personen mit chronischer Emphysembron-chitis und 10 lungengesunde Schwangere untersucht. Das Verfahren liefert neben den Verteilungskurven für die Funktionsgrößen $$\dot V_A ,\dot Q$$ undD L die folgenden über die gesamte Lunge gemittelten Werte: das Ventilations-Perfusions-Verhältnis das O2-Diffusionskapazitäts-Perfusions-Verhältnis, die alveolären, die endcapillären und die arteriellen O2-bzw. CO2-Drucke, die Anteile der alveolär-arteriellen Druckdifferenzen sowie die Absolutwerte für die alveoläre Ventilation, die Lungendurchblutung, die O2-Diffusionskapazität und den extrapulmonalen Kurzschlußblut-Anteil. Die wesentlichen Ergebnisse der Untersuchung sind in der folgenden Tabelle, zusammengefaßt. Die Gründe für die differierenden Funktionswerte in den einzelnen Personen-gruppen werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary 14 adolescents with healthy lungs, 6 elderly people with chronic emphysema bronchitis, and 10 pregnant women with healthy lungs, were examined by the method of distribution analysis of ventilation, $$\dot V_A $$ , perfusion, $$\dot Q$$ , and O2 diffusing capacity,D L. Besides the distribution curves for the function values, $$\dot V_A $$ , $$\dot Q$$ , andD L, this method also furnishes the following average values, which were obtained throughout the lung: the ventilation-perfusion ratio, the O2 diffusing capacity-perfusion ratio, the alveolar, endcapillary, and arterial O2 and CO2 pressures, the components of the alveolar-arterial pressure differences, as well as the absolute values for the alveolar ventilation, lung perfusion, O2 diffusing capacity and the extrapulmonary shunt component. The essential test results are summarized in the following table: The reasons for the varying functional results, found in the individual groups, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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