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  • Accelerometer  (1)
  • Antibiotic treatment  (1)
  • Body temperature  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of elective antibiotic therapy on resting energy expenditure and inflammation in cystic fibrosis (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 711-716 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Cystic fibrosis ; Resting energy expenditure ; Antibiotic treatment ; TNF-α
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients often present with malnutrition which may partly be due to increased resting energy expenditure (REE) secondary to inflammation. Both REE and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as other markers of inflammation, are elevated during respiratory exacerbations and decrease after antibiotic treatment. However, the effect of antibiotic therapy on REE and inflammation in patients without respiratory exacerbation is not known. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of such an elective antibiotic therapy on REE, TNF-α, and other serum markers of inflammation. Twelve CF patients 5F/7M, age 15.9 ± 6.1 years, weight for height ratio 89 ± 8% without clinically obvious exacerbation and treated by intravenous antibiotics were studied. Both before (D0) and after (D14) treatment, pulmonary function tests were performed. REE was measured by indirect calorimetry and blood taken to measure inflammation parameters. Body weight increased by 1.1 kg from D0 to D14 (P 〈 0.001), composed of 0.3 kg fat mass and 0.8 kg fat-free mass (FFM). The forced expiratory volume at 1 s increased from 43 ± 15% of predicted at D0 to 51 ± 15% of predicted at D14 (P 〈 0.01). Mean REE was 41.1 ± 7.6 kcal/kg FFM per day at D0 and did not change significantly at D14 (40.6 ± 8.5 kcal/kg FFM per day). Serum markers of inflammation decreased from D0 to D14: C-reactive protein 17 ± 17 mg/l to 4 ± 7 mg/l (P 〈 0.05), elastase 62 ± 29 μg/l to 45 ± 18 μg/l (P 〈 0.02), orosomucoid acid 1.25 ± 0.11 g/l to 0.80 ± 0.15 g/l (P 〈 0.001), and TNF-α 37 ± 14 pg/ml to 29 ± 6 pg/ml (P = 0.05). Individual values showed a correlation between changes in REE and in TNF-α (P 〈 0.02). Conclusion The contribution of inflammation to energy expenditure is possible but appears to be minimal in cystic fibrosis patients treated by antibiotics on a regular basis in the absence of clinically obvious exacerbation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310051185
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the menstrual cycle on the sweating response measured by direct calorimetry in women exposed to warm environmental conditions (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 64 (1992), S. 449-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Menstrual cycle ; Sweating ; Body temperature ; Thermoregulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The whole body sweating response was measured at rest in eight women during the follicular (F) and the luteal (L) phases of the menstrual cycle. Subjects were exposed for 30-min to neutral (N) environmental conditions [ambient temperature (T a) 28°C] and then for 90-min to warm (W) environmental conditions (Ta, 35°C) in a direct calorimeter. At the end of the N exposure, tympanic temperature (T ty) was 0.18 (SEM 0.06)°C higher in the L than in the F phase (P〈0.05), whereas mean skin temperature ( $$\bar T_{{\text{sk}}}$$ ) was unchanged. During W exposure, the time to the onset of sweating as well as the concomitant increase in body heat content were similar in both phases. At the onset of sweating, the tympanic threshold temperature (T ty, thresh) was higher in the L phase [37.18 (SEM 0.08)°C] than in the F phase [36.95 (SEM 0.07)°C;P〈0.01]. The magnitude of the shift inT ty, thresh [0.23 (SEM 0.07)°C] was similar to the L-F difference inT ty observed at the end of the N exposure. The mean skin threshold temperature was not statistically different between the two phases. The slope of the relationship between sweating rate andT ty was similar in F and L. It was concluded that the internal set point temperature of resting women exposed to warm environmental conditions shifted to a higher value during the L phase compared to the F phase of the menstrual cycle; and that the magnitude of the shift corresponded to the difference in internal temperature observed in neutral environmental conditions between the two phases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625066
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement of walking speed prediction by accelerometry and altimetry, validated by satellite positioning (2000)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 38 (2000), S. 164-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Human locomotion ; Uphill and downhill walking ; Accelerometer ; Differential barometry ; Differential satellite positioning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Activity monitors based on accelerometry are used to predict the speed and energy cost of walking at 0% slope, but not at other inclinations. Parallel measurements of body accelerations and altitude variation were studied to determine whether walking speed prediction could be improved. Fourteen subjects walked twice along a 1.3km circuit with substantial slope variations (−17% to +17%). The parameters recorded were body acceleration using a uni-axial accelerometer, altitude variation using differential barometry, and walking speed using satellite positioning (DGPS). Linear regressions were calculated between acceleration and walking speed, and between acceleration/altitude and walking speed. These predictive models, calculated using the data from the first circuit run, were used to predict speed during the second circuit. Finally the predicted velocity was compared with the measured one. The result was that acceleration alone failed to predict speed (meanr=0.4). Adding altitude variation improved the prediction (meanr=0.7). With regard to the altitude/acceleration-speed relationship, substantial inter-individual variation was found. It is concluded that accelerometry, combined with altitude measurement, can assess position variations of humans provided inter-individual variation is taken into account. It is also confirmed that DGPS can be used for outdoor walking speed measurements, opening up new perspectives in the field of biomechanics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02344771
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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