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  • Acetylcholinesterase  (2)
  • Cupiennius  (2)
  • Electron microscopy  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histological and ultrastructural findings in chloroquine-induced cardiomyopathy (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 73 (1995), S. 73-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Chloroquine ; Cardiomyopathy ; Heart ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Light microscopic and ultrastructural findings in patients suffering from chloroquine-induced cardiomyopathy are reviewed. Based on our own observations in an autopsy case, functional and morphological similarities between chloroquine effects and hereditary lysosomal storage diseases are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270580
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastrukturell-morphometrische Untersuchungen an Leberbiopsien — Der Einfluß von Ovulationshemmern auf die menschliche Leber (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 223 (1977), S. 205-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; Stereology ; Human liver ; Oral contraceptives ; Elektronenmikroskopie ; Stereologie ; Menschliche Leber ; Orale Kontrazeptiva
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden Leberbiopsien von 12 Frauen feinstrukturell-morphometrisch untersucht, die über einen Zeitraum von 2 Monaten bis zu 8 Jahren ein Kombinationspräparat zur hormonellen Antikonzeption eingenommen hatten. Die stereologischen Daten wurden bereits vorher erstellten Basiswerten für normale Lebern (Roessner et al., 1977) gegenübergestellt und auf signifikante Unterschiede hin überprüft (p〈0,001). Eine deutliche Volumenzunahme lysosomaler Zelleinschlüsse pro ml Hepatocyten und eine leichte Cytoplasmavergrößerung bei gleichzeitiger Verkleine-rung der Nuclei kennzeichnen die Veränderungen der Hepatocyten. Alle übrigen ermittelten Parameter lassen den Schluß zu, daß wesentliche Alterationen der Ultrastruktur der menschlichen Leber nach hormoneller Kontrazeption nicht auftreten. Ob damit auch funktionelle Alterationen auszuschließen sind, kann hier nicht beantwortet werden.
    Notes: Summary Liver biopsies from 12 healthy women were investigated morphometrically — according to the methods of Weibel (1969). All women had taken an oral contraceptive agent during 2 til 76 months. The evaluated stereological datas were compared with base-line datas for normal human liver biopsies, which were elaborated in a previous investigation (Roessner et al., 1977). Statistical analysis was performed on an IBM 360/50 computer system, including F- and student's t-test. In the liver biopsy-specimen from the women, which were on oral contraceptives, the volume-density of lysosomes per ml hepatocytes shows a pronounced, significant (p〈0.001) increase. A moderate increase of cytoplasm is combined with decrease of nuclei-volume. The surface-densities of the rough and smooth endoplasmatic reticulum do not differ significantly from the datas calculated from normal human liver biopsies. All other datas too demonstrate that there are no striking changes in the ultrastructure of human liver, caused by oral contraceptives. Functional alterations however can not be excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00667390
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and partial amino acid sequence analysis of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 247 (1989), S. 279-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase ; Amino acid sequence ; Immunoaffinity chromatography
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(89)81352-3
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spiders of the genus Cupiennius Simon 1891 (Araneae, Ctenidae) (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 77 (1988), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Spider ; Cupiennius ; Ctenidae ; Range distribution ; Habitat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cupiennius is a genus of hunting spiders with seven established species. One of these (C. salei) has been used in laboratory research for many years. Here we report on the geographic distribution of the genus and some characteristics of its habitat. (1) The genus is Central American. Its range is from the state of Veracruz in Mexico in the north to Panama in the south. Five of the seven species are known to occur in the Canal Area, Panama. Sympatry is best documented for C. getazi and C. coccineus and is likely to occur in other species. (2) All known species of Cupiennius are closely associated with particular plants on which they hide during the day and prey, court, and moult at night. The most typical dwelling plant such as a bromeliad or a banana plant is a monocotyledon with mechanically strong and unbranched leaves that provide retreats at their bases. On plants not providing “ready-made” shelters, such as ginger or members of the Araceae, several species of Cupiennius have been observed to build retreats. (3) Average monthly rainfall and temperature data are given for six locations where we have recently observed C. coccineus, C. getazi, C. panamensis, and C. salei. According to measurements taken in the field the microclimate within a typical retreat differs considerably from the external environment: during the day the retreat space shows lower aver-age water evaporation rates and higher relative air humidity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379185
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spiders of the genus Cupiennius Simon 1891 (Araneae, Ctenidae) (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 77 (1988), S. 194-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Sensory ecology ; Spider ; Cupiennius ; Vibratory environment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cupiennius salei (Ctenidae) is a tropical wandering spider which lives in close association with a particular type of plant (see companion paper). These plants are the channels through which the spiders receive and emit various types of vibrations. We measured the vibrations the spiders are typically exposed to when they sit on their dwelling plants (banana plant, bromeliad) in their natural biotope in Central America. In addition a laboratory analysis was carried out to get an approximate idea of the complex vibration-propagating properties of the dwelling plants, taking a banana plant as an example. (1) Types of vibrations (Figs. 1–4). Despite variability in detail there are characteristic differences in spectral composition between the vibrations of various abiotic and biotic origins: (a) Vibrations due to wind are very low frequency phenomena. Their frequency spectra are conspicuously narrow with prominent peaks close to or, more often, below 10 Hz. Vibrations due to raindrops show maximal acceleration values at ca. 1000 Hz. Their frequency band at-20 dB extends up to ca. 250 Hz where-as that of the vibrations due to wind extends to only ca. 50 Hz. (b) The frequency spectra of prey vibrations such as those generated by a running cockroach are typically broad-banded and contain high frequencies; they have largest peaks mostly between ca. 400 and 900 Hz. Their-20 dB frequency bands usually extend from a few Hz to ca. 900 Hz. Some potential prey animals such as grass-hoppers seem to be vibrocryptic; they walk by the spider as if unnoticed. Their “cautious” gait leads to only weak vibrations at very low frequencies resembling the background noise due to wind. Courtship signals are composed maily of low frequencies, intermediate between background noise and prey vibrations (male: prominent peaks at ca. 75 Hz and ca. 115 Hz; female: dominant frequencies between ca. 20 Hz and ca. 50 Hz). The male signal is composed of “syllables” and differs from all other vibrations studied here by being temporally highly ordered. A comparison with previous electrophysiological studies suggests that the high pass characteristics of the vibration receptors enhance the signal-to-(abiotic)-noise ratio and that the vibration-sensitive interneurons so far examined and found to have band pass characteristics are tuned to the frequencies found in the vibrations of biotic origin. (2) Signal propagation (Fig. 5). In terms of frequency-dependent attenuation of vibrations the banana plant is well suited for transmitting the above signals. Average attenuation values are ca. 0.35 dB/cm. Together with known data on vibration receptor sensitivity this explains the range of courtship signals of more than 1 m observed in behavioral studies. Attenuation in the plant is neither a monotonic function of frequency nor of distance from the signal source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379186
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acetylcholine and histamine are transmitter candidates in identifiable mechanosensitive neurons of the spider Cupiennius salei: an immunocytochemical study (1997)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 287 (1997), S. 413-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Choline acetyltransferase ; Acetylcholinesterase ; Histochemistry ; Serotonin ; Mechanoreceptors ; Lipofuscin ; Cupiennius salei (Chelicerata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Histochemical and indirect immunocytochemical techniques were used to search for neuroactive substances and transmitter candidates in identified sensory neurons of two types of cuticular mechanoreceptors in the spider Cupiennius salei Keys.: (1) in lyriform slit-sense organ VS-3 (comprising 7-8 cuticular slits each innervated by 2 bipolar neurons), and (2) in tactile hairs (each supplied by 3 bipolar sensory cells). All neurons are mechanosensitive. A polyclonal antibody against choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) strongly labeled all cell bodies and afferent fibers of both mechanoreceptor types. Western blot analysis using the same antibody against samples of spider sensory hypodermis and against samples from the central nervous system demonstrated a clear band at 65 kDa, corresponding to the molecular mass of ChAT in insects. Moreover, staining for acetylcholine esterase (AChE) revealed AChE activity in one neuron of each mechanoreceptor type. Incubation with a polyclonal antibody against histamine clearly labeled one neuron in each set of sensilla, whereas activity in the remaining one or two cells was near background. All mechanoreceptor preparations treated with a polyclonal antiserum against serotonin tested negative, whereas sections through the central nervous system of the same spiders were clearly labeled for serotonin. The presence of ChAT-like immunoreactivity and AChE implicates acetylcholine as a transmitter candidate in the two mechanoreceptive organs. We assume that histamine serves as a mechanosensory co-transmitter in the central nervous system and may also act at peripheral synapses that exist in these sensilla.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050766
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