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  • Nucleus accumbens  (2)
  • Acoustic startle reflex  (1)
  • Behavior  (1)
  • Rats  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Acoustic startle reflex ; Picrotoxin ; Ontogeny ; GABA ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using the acoustic startle reflex as the behavioral measure, qualitatively different responses to the GABA antagonist picrotoxin were obtained in developing rats before and after 21 days postnatal (PN) age. Dose-dependent increases in acoustic startle were seen following picrotoxin in PN day 15–16 rat pups. In contrast, dose-dependent decreases in startle following picrotoxin were observed in adult rats. The switch from excitation to inhibition of startle was found to occur abruptly on PN day 21. Excitatory responses to picrotoxin were also found in adult rats following localized infusions of picrotoxin into lumbar spinal cord regions, but not into the forebrain. These results give evidence that picrotoxin-sensitive sites that modulate increases in startle reflex behavior mature first and are analogous to sites in the adult spinal cord, whereas picrotoxin-sensitive sites that modulate decreases in startle reflex behavior mature later (≥PN day 21) and are localized in more rostral brain areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Mesolimbic dopaminergic system ; Nucleus accumbens ; d-Amphetamine ; Locomotion ; Rearing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A large body of evidence supports the conclusion that mesolimbic dopaminergic neurons, particularly those that innervate the nucleus accumbens (n. ACC), are important for the expression of amphetamine-stimulated locomotor behavior (ASLB). However, a contradictory report (Wirtshafter et al. 1978), stating that bilateral lesions of the n. ACC fail to block ASLB, was based on a general measure of activity that did not distinguish between locomotion and rearing. In the present study, observer ratings of videotaped responses were used to determine the separate effects of 2.0 mg/kg d-amphetamine (d-AMP) on locomotion and rearing in rats with either sham or radio-frequency lesions of the n. ACC. The n.ACC lesions blocked the locomotor stimulation, but not the increased rearing that follows d-AMP administration. These results support the general conclusion that dopaminergic terminals in the n. ACC are important for the expression of ASLB, and further suggest that d-AMP-stimulated locomotion and rearing are mediated through different neural substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: 5-Hydroxytryptamine2 (5-HT2) receptors ; 5-Hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptors ; Dopamine ; Substantia nigra ; Ventral tegmental area ; Nucleus accumbens ; Striatum ; Behavior ; Amphetamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Several lines of evidence have suggested a link between serotonergic and dopaminergic systems in the brain. The interpretation of much of these early data needs careful reevaluation in light of the recent understanding of the plethora of serotonin receptor subtypes, their distribution in the brain and the new findings with more selective serotonin antagonists. Electrophysiological, biochemical and behavioral evidence obtained using highly selective antagonists of the 5-HT2 or 5-HT3 receptor subtypes, MDL 100,907 or MDL 73,147EF, respectively, supports the thesis that serotonin modulates the dopaminergic system. This modulation is most evident when the dopaminergic system has been activated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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