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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie 2 (1998), S. S70 
    ISSN: 1434-3940
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kraniofaziale Chirurgie ; Frontobasis ; Calvariatransplantate ; Knochenrekonstruktion ; Key words Craniofacial surgery ; Frontobasis ; Calvarian transplants ; Bone reconstruction ; Bone grafting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Defects of the frontoorbital complex subsequent to extensive tumor surgery or severe trauma often result in aesthetic and functional disharmonies. The long-term results of rehabilitation related to different materials and techniques are the subject of this study. From 1974 to 1996 altogether 127 patients with bony defects of the orbit and/or the skull base underwent surgery. All patients’ data were documented prospectively from 1984 onwards. The results following reconstruction with autologous calvarian transplants in 52 patients were compared to those of a control group which received iliac bone or PMMA implants. Eighty-one bony defects (64%) resulted from tumor resection; 37 patients (29%) suffered from the effects of trauma. In 67 cases (53%) reconstruction was performed primarily, in 51 cases (40%) secondarily. Free or pedicled soft-tissue transplants were necessary in order to separate the orbit and the neurocranium in 26% of the defects. On the other hand, small, isolated defects of the orbital roof (7%) were left without any reconstructive procedure. Contrary to the iliac bone grafts, the calvarian transplants resisted secondary resorption. Postoperative infections appeared in two cases; loss of transplants was avoided entirely in the group of calvarian reconstructions in contrast to the alloplasts. The selection of a suitable donor site area and rigid fixation with microplates led to excellent esthetic results even in cases with large defects.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Defekte des frontoorbitalen Komplexes nach Tumorchirurgie oder Traumen können zu ausgeprägten ästhetischen und funktionellen Beeinträchtigungen führen. Zur Wiederherstellung stehen unterschiedliche Materialien und Techniken zur Verfügung, deren Langzeitergebnisse Gegenstand der vorliegenden Untersuchung sind. Von 1974–1996 wurden 127 Patienten mit knöchernen Defekten der Orbita und/oder der Schädelbasis in der Klinik für Gesichts- und Kieferchirurgie Essen operativ behandelt. Die Ergebnisse der Rekonstruktion mit autologen Calvariatransplantaten (52 Patienten) wurden dabei mit den als Kontrollgruppe dienenden Rekonstruktionen mit Beckenkammspongiosa und Paladon verglichen. 81 Knochendefekte (64%) waren durch eine Tumorresektion entstanden, bei 37 Patienten (29%) handelte es sich um die Folge eines Traumas. Bei 67 Patienten (53%) wurde die Deckung des Knochendefekts primär vorgenommen, bei 51 Patienten (40%) erfolgte sie sekundär. Umschriebene Orbitadachdefekte bedurften keiner knöchernen Rekonstruktion (7%). Bei 26% der Defekte mußten freie oder gestielte Weichteiltransplantate zur Rekonstruktion eingesetzt werden, um die Orbita und den intrakranialen Raum zu separieren. Die Schädelknochentransplantate erwiesen sich im Gegensatz zu den Beckenkammtransplantaten als resorptionsstabil. Postoperative Infektionen wurden nur in 2 Fällen beobachtet, Transplantatverluste konnten im Gegensatz zu alloplastischen Rekonstruktionen durchgehend vermieden werden. Durch geeignete Auswahl des Spenderareals und stabile Mikroverplattung konnte auch bei großen Defekten mit ausgezeichnteten ästhetischen Ergebnissen rekonstruiert werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia ; 21-Hydroxylase deficiency ; Active renin concentration ; Plasma renin activity ; Mineralocorticoid replacement therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAR) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, measurement of plasma renin activity (PRA) has been the method of choice in diagnosing salt loss and in monitoring adequacy of mineralocorticoid replacement therapy. Due to methodological problems in PRA determinations, direct immunoradiometric assays for the measurement of active renin concentration have been developed. We measured PRA and active renin concentrations simultaneously in 39 patients with CAH (30 salt-wasting, 9 simple virilizing) to evaluate the potential role of this new method in the management of this disease. PRA was determined with an enzymatic assay (sample volume: 2 × 1000 μl plasma), active renin concentration with a direct immunoradiometric assay (sample volume: 2 × 200 μl plasma or serum). We found a highly significant correlation between active renin and PRA in our patients (P 〈 0.001), as previously shown in healthy subjects. Active renin was as reliable as PRA to assess the quality of mineralocorticoid replacement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Congenital adrenal ; hyperplasia ; 21-Hydroxylase ; deficiency ; Active renin concentration ; Plasma renin activity ; Mineralocorticoid replacement therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, measurement of plasma renin activity (PRA) has been the method of choice in diagnosing salt loss and in monitoring adequacy of mineralocorticoid replacement therapy. Due to methodological problems in PRA determinations, direct immunoradiometric assays for the measurement of active renin concentration have been developed. We measured PRA and active renin concentrations simultaneously in 39 patients with CAH (30 salt-wasting, 9 simple virilizing) to evaluate the potential role of this new method in the management of this disease. PRA was determined with an enzymatic assay (sample volume: 2 × 1000 μl plasma), active renin concentration with a direct immunoradiometric assay (sample volume: 2 × 200 μl plasma or serum). We found a highly significant correlation between active renin and PRA in our patients (P 〈 0.001), as previously shown in healthy subjects. Active renin was as reliable as PRA to assess the quality of mineralocorticoid replacement. Conclusion In children, active renin determination is preferable to PRA determination because of methodological advantages and a smaller sample volume. It correlates well with PRA and determines the activation of the renin-angiotensin system as precisely as PRA. Active renin determination is useful in the surveillance of mineralocorticoid replacement therapy in CAH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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