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Digitale Medien

Acute renal failure: the glomerular and tubular connection (1987)

Bird, Joan E. ; Blantz, Roland C.

Springer

Pediatric nephrology 1 (1987), S. 348-358

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Details

ISSN: 1432-198X

Schlagwort(e): Acute renal failure ; Glomerular ultrafiltration ; Tubular injury

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract Acute renal failure (ARF) is a common clinical entity which results from multiple causes. Experimental models in animals have duplicated many of the clinical syndromes which can be classified into (1) ARF due to increased filtered load of endogenous and exogenous materials, (2) ARF associated with exogenous nephrotoxins and (3) ischemic forms of renal failure secondary to hypoperfusion and hypotension. The mechanisms leading to the reduction in GFR are multiple and the alterations in determinants of nephron filtration rate and degree of tubular backleak and obstruction are described for each of these subtypes of experimental ARF. The specific mechanisms whereby tubular damage translates into a reduction in GFR in ARF are discussed for each sub-type of ARF. Tubular damage can often be dissociated from the reduction in GFR, possibly by inhibiting tubuloglomerular feedback responses, but such increases in GFR and nephron filtration rate are not necessarily beneficial to the organism because of potential volume depletion and the risk of magnifying further tubular damage. Information on the physiologic role of tubuloglomerular feedback activity in ARF is provided and supports the concept that feedback induced reductions in GFR after tubular injury may preserve extracellular volume and minimize further tubular damage. Reductions in tubular metabolic work appears to prevent and ameliorate further tubular injury after the initial insult. The mechanisms which associate changes in GFR and tubular damage can now be described, and therapies which improve GFR without correcting the tubular damage may compound the clinical problem and increase renal damage.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00849234

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Digitale Medien

Importance of quality control in a gas chromatographic method to characterize crude oilsMany of the details in this paper were presented as a poster at the Tenth International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography, Riva del Garda, Italy, May 22-25, 1989. (1994)

Yancey, Joel A. ; Kosman, Joseph J. ; Grills, John J. ; [weitere]

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 17 (1994), S. 463-468

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Details

ISSN: 0935-6304

Schlagwort(e): Capillary GC ; Petroleum crude oil ; Condensates ; Carbon number distribution ; Pseudocomponents ; Quality control ; Quality assurance ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: A quality control scheme has been developed to achieve reproducible capillary GC characterization of crude oils and petroleum condensates. The method uses an internal standard to quantify the amount of non-eluted material in the crude oil sample. Correlation between the gas chromatographic results and actual distillation was 2 %. After repeated use, however, weekly analysis of the same standard crude oil did not give the correct composition. This was a result of discrimination, which worsened with time, as a result of leaks in the septum or the graphite ferrules. More reproducible results were obtained by performing frequent analyses of quality control samples to ensure that the gas chromatographic system was operating properly. The use of quality control charts was a convenient way of ensuring correct operation and identifying the need for corrective action on the gas chromatographic system.

Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.