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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Aegilops markgrafii ; Triticum aestivum ; Addition lines ; Chromosome markers ; Homoeology ; Wheat ; Wheat microsatellites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We describe the use of wheat microsatellites for the discrimination of Aegilops markgrafii chromosomes. Twenty out of eighty eight wheat microsatellites (WMS) tested were able to distinguish Triticum aestivum-Ae. markgrafii addition lines. Six, three, three, one and six of 18 WMS can be used as markers for single Ae. markgrafii chromosomes B, C, D, F and G, respectively. Addition line A is not available but additional bands, appearing only in Ae. markgrafii and the T. aestivum-Ae. markgrafii amphiploid and not in any of the available addition lines, indicate that three WMS detect markers for Ae. markgrafii chromosomes A. Addition line E could not be detected by any of the WMS markers applied, although the 20 WMS represented all the homologous groups of wheat. All three WMS located on the short arm of group-2 chromosomes were located on Ae. markgrafii chromosome B; three of four WMS, located on the long arm of wheat group-2 chromosomes, were specific to Ae. markgrafii chromosome G and three of four WMS, specific to group-5 chromosomes, were markers for Ae. markgrafii chromosome C, indicating the homoeology of these wheat chromosome arms with the respective Ae. markgrafii chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Aegilops markgrafii ; Triticum aestivum ; RAPD ; Addition lines ; Leaf rust ; Powdery mildew
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Aegilops markgrafii contains resistance genes to powdery mildew, leaf rust and stripe rust, and also has high crude protein and lysine contents, which can be useful for wheat improvement. These important traits are localized on different chromosomes. Disomic Triticum aestivum-Ae. markgrafii addition lines and euploid introgression lines showing leaf-rust and powdery mildew resistance were screened with RAPDs to detect chromosome-specific markers which can accelerate the breeding process. RAPD markers for all six available disomic addition lines were obtained. The additional chromosomes B, C, D, E, F and G were identified by three, three, three, two, one and seven primers, respectively. All three chromosome-B-specific RAPD markers demonstrated the presence of alien chromatin in the leaf-rust-resistant 42-chromosome introgression lines as well as in the segregating progeny. The three chromosome-C-identifying primers also demonstrated the presence of that chromosome in powdery mildew-resistant euploid introgression lines. The substitution lines (5A)5C and (5D)5C with different genetic backgrounds for both parents, in comparison to the lines mentioned above, showed the chromosome C-specific band with only two of the three primers. The chromosome F-specific primer and a primer evident on all the Ae. markgrafii chromosomes analysed did not generate the expected fragments on the chromosome Fdel addition line, indicating that the markers are located on the deleted part of chromosome F.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 213-219 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: thiamine ; plasma level ; pharmacokinetics ; nonlinear renal elimination ; assay for clinical use
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A sensitive assay for thiamine suitable for clinical use has been developed. It is based on precolumn oxidation of thiamine to thiochrome followed by HPLC-separation and fluorescence detection. The assay is applicable to various biological materials, including human plasma. The minimum amount detectable was 5 fmol, minimum plasma concentration 0.5 nmol/l and minimum sample volume 0.3 ml plasma. Each chromatographic run took 3 min. Inter- and intra-assay relative standard deviations (RSD) were 8.3% and 6.3%, respectively, at a stock plasma concentration of 10.8 nmol/l. At 38.8 nmol/l, interassay RSD was reduced to 3.4%. The recovery of 5 nmol/l added thiamine was 102 (SD±17)%, that of 30 nmol/l was 94±5%. Plasma levels in 91 volunteers ranged from 6.6 to 43 nmol/l, showing a log normal distribution with a median of 11.6 nmol/l. Thiamine kinetics were studied in plasma and urine from 8 men after intravenous and oral doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg thiamine hydrochloride. In all individuals, nonlinear renal elimination kinetics were demonstrated by plotting the fractional amount of thiamine excreted unchanged in urine against the corresponding area under the plasma concentration — time curve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 45 (1993), S. 585-587 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Flumazenil ; benzodiazepine ; absorption ; disposition ; elderly volunteers ; pharmacokinetics ; aging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In an open design, randomised, two-way cross-over study, a single 2 mg i.v. dose and a single 30 mg oral dose of flumazenil were each administered to a group of healthy young (n=6) and elderly (n=12) volunteers (male: female 2/1). Plasma samples were collected at intervals and intact drug was assayed. Both the IV and oral doses of flumazenil were very well tolerated by both age groups and no severe or unexpected adverse effects were observed. The main complaints were dizziness and headache, mainly after oral dosing, probably due to the higher Cmax and AUC following this route of administration. After 2 mg i. v. the disposition parameters in the two age groups (elderly/young) were very similar: volume of distribution (Vss): 0.88/0.901·kg−1; total body clearance (ClPL): 0.86/0.99 l·min−1; terminal elimination half-life (t1/2β): 1.02/0.91 h. After the 30 mg oral dose the mean Cmax of 87.6 ng·ml−1 (elderly) and 78.4 ng·ml−1 (young) were generally reached within 0.5 to 1 h. In 26% (elderly) and 23% (young), the absolute bioavailability of flumazenil was very similar. It is concluded that the absorption and disposition paramters of flumazenil were not significantly affected by aging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 43 (1992), S. 209-210 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Moxonidine ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; pharmacokinetics ; drug interaction ; steady-state ; healthy volunteers ; adverse effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 38 (1990), S. 237-242 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cyclosporin A ; diltiazem ; pharmacokinetics ; kidney transplantation ; drug metabolism ; cytochrome P-450 ; drug interactions ; human liver microsomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous reports have indicated that administration of the calcium antagonist diltiazem results in major changes in the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporin A (CyA). A new clinical trial was undertaken in 22 renal transplant patients receiving a constant dose of cyclosporin to further explore this interaction. Coadministration of diltiazem for one week produced an increase in the blood concentration of CyA and its metabolites 17 and 18 in almost all patients, but no increase in CyA metabolites 1 and 21. The mean whole blood CyA trough level determined by HPLC rose from 117 ng·ml−1 to 170 ng·ml−1 after one week on diltiazem, and the mean trough level of metabolite 17 rose similarly from 184 ng·ml−1 before to 336 ng·ml−1. Based on experiments with microsomes from human liver the effect of diltiazem was due to noncompetitve inhibition of CyA-metabolism by diltiazem, and the increased concentration of metabolite 17 might have been due to stronger inhibition of its secondary metabolism steps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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