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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of recombinant tumour necrosis factor a on blood flow and antibody localisation in human tumour xenografts in nude mice (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 117 (1991), S. 543-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: TNF ; Blood flow ; Antibody localisation ; Tumour xenografts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mice with s.c. grafts of gastric carcinoma MKN45 or osteosarcoma 788T were injected i.v. with recombinant tumour necrosis factorα (rTNFα) and tumour blood flow rates were determined 4 h later as a fraction of the cardiac output g tissue−1. With MKN45, the tumour blood flow rate was significantly reduced from a mean of 1.86% cardiac autput g−1 to 0.84% and 0.65% with 50 and 200 ug kg−1 rTNFα respectively. With 788T, the tumour blood flow rate was reduced at 50 μg kg−1 rTNFα from 1.13% cardiac output g−1 to 0.56%. There were essentially no changes in blood flow rates in other organs. The effect of rTNFα on localisation of monoclonal antibodies into these xenografts were examined. When a single dose of rTNFα (50 μg kg−1) was given at the same time as labelled NCRC-2 antibody there was a significant reduction in localisation into 788T osteosarcoma xenografts. In other tests, mice were injected daily for 3 days with 50 μg kg−1 rTNFα. They were injected i.v. with monoclonal antibody 4 h after the first injection and dissected on the 4th day. With 788T there was a small but not statistically significant reduction in the absolute amount of NCRC-2 antibody localising in tumour, although this reduction was greater when results were expressed as tumour-to-blood ratios. With MKN45 xenografts, treatment with rTNFα had little effect on tumour localisation of an anti-(carcinoembryonic antigen) monoclonal antibody (NCRC-24). These studies show that TNF can be administered so as to reduce tumour blood flow and with little effect on tumour localisation of antibody, suggesting that combination therapy with TNF and antibodies or their immunoconjugates is feasible. Other studies have suggested that TNF can increase antibody localisation into tumours, but this was not seen here, and in some cases administration could reduce tumour localisation. It appears that this method of enhancing antibody localisation may be critically dependent on scheduling, and therefore it may not be extensively applicable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01613286
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in Natural Killer Cells, the CD57CD8 Subset, and Related Cytokines in Healthy Aging (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical immunology 18 (1998), S. 31-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2592
    Keywords: Aging ; natural killer cells ; soluble interleukin-2 receptors ; lymphocyte subsets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aging has been shown to be accompanied by various changes in the lymphocyte subset distribution in the elderly. We have investigated more fully, and in a large number of subjects, age-related changes within several subpopulations bearing natural killer (NK) cell-associated surface antigens and changes in several cytokines involved in NK cell expansion. A total of 229 healthy subjects from all decades of life from 20 to 98 years of age was included in this cross-sectional study. A significant increase with age was found in both the absolute counts and the proportions of CD3−CD(16+56)+, CD3+CD(16+56)+, CD57+CD8+, CD57+CD8(low)+, and CD57+CD8− cells, whereas the CD57+CD8(high)+ subset, which may represent the cytolytic T cell population more precisely, showed less change with age. Some evidence is also provided to suggest that these expanded NK cell populations are in an activated state. Soluble IL-2 receptor levels were also found to increase significantly with age and correlated with certain NK cell subsets. Although the functions of some of these subsets remain to be elucidated, their expansion in the elderly may represent a remodeling of the immune system with increasing age, with an increase in non-MHC-restricted cells perhaps compensating for the previously reported decline in T and B cells in the elderly. Alternatively, increased numbers of these cells may be a direct result of cytokine dysregulation or increased antigenic or neoplastic cell challenge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023283719877
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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