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  • Cv  (2)
  • thermodynamics  (2)
  • Agropyron  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The thermodynamics of aqueous borate solutions. II. Mixtures of boric acid with calcium or magnesium borate and chloride (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 17 (1988), S. 435-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Schlagwort(e): Borates ; thermodynamics ; electrolytes ; Harned cells
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Potentials for the cell without liquid juction $$H_2 ,Pt|B(OH)_3 (m_1 ),NaB(OH)_4 (m_2 ),MCl_2 (m_3 )|AgCl,Ag$$ with M=Ca2+ or Mg2+ are reported over a range of ionic strength at 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55°C. Parameters of Pitzer's ion interaction treatment are determined for Ca(B(OH)4)2 and Mg(B(OH)4)2 by fitting to the cell results. Apparent association of alkaline earth borates to form the monovalent species CaB(OH) 4 + and MgB(OH) 4 + makes it necessary to use the extended β(2) form of the ion interaction treatment to represent the potentials reported here. Trace activity coefficients of calcium and magnesium borates are tabulated at various temperatures and ionic strengths. The association constants for ion pair formation implied by the values of β(2) for these salts are compared with ion pair formation constants available in the literature.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00647311
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The thermodynamics of aqueous borate solutions I. Mixtures of boric acid with sodium or potassium borate and chloride (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 16 (1987), S. 791-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Schlagwort(e): Borates ; aqueous ; thermodynamics ; electrolytes ; Harned cells
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Potentials for the cell without liquid junction $$H_2 ,Pt\backslash B(OH)_3 (m_1 ), MB(OH)_4 (m_2 ), MCl(m_3 )\backslash AgClAg$$ where M is sodium or potassium are reported over a range of ionic strength to I=3 mol-kg−1 at 5 to 55°C. Total boron concentration in the solutions was restricted to low levels to minimize formation of polynuclear boron species. Cell potentials are treated with the Pitzer ion interaction treatment for mixed electrolytes, with linear ionic strength dependence assumed for the activity coefficient of undissociated boric acid. Trace activity coefficients of sodium and potassium borates in chloride media are calculated at various temperatures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00650749
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Soil and plant water relations in a crested wheatgrass pasture: response to spring grazing by cattle (1987)
    Springer
    Oecologia 73 (1987), S. 573-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Soil moisture ; Water balance ; Leaf water potentials ; Defoliatlon ; Agropyron
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Few field studies have attempted to relate effects of actual livestock grazing on soil and plant water status. The present study was initiated to determine the effects of periodic defoliations by cattle during spring on soil moisture and plant water status in a crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. and A. desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult.) pasture in central Utah. Soil moisture in the top 130 cm of the soil profile was depleted more rapidly in ungrazed plots than in grazed plots during spring and early summer. Soil moisture depletion was more rapid in grazed plots in one paddock after 1 July due to differential regrowth, but there was no difference in soil water depletion between plots in another paddock during the same period. This difference in soil water depletion between paddocks was related to a difference in date of grazing. Although more water had been extracted from the 60 cm to 130 cm depths in ungrazed plots by late September, cumulative soil moisture depletion over the entire 193 cm profile was similar in grazed and ungrazed plots. Prior to 1 July, grazing had no effect on predawn leaf water potentials as estimated by a pressure chamber technique; however, after 1 July, predawn leaf water potentials were lower for ungrazed plants. Midday leaf water potentials were lower for grazed plants before 1 July, but did not differ between grazed and ungrazed plants after 1 July. A 4- to 8-day difference in date of defoliation did not affect either predawn or midday leaf water potentials. The observed differences in water use patterns during spring and early-summer may be important in influencing growth and competitive interactions in crested wheatgrass communities that are subject to grazing by domestic livestock.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379418
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Advantages to Conversion of Lattice Heat Capacity to Cv in the Resolution of Excess Properties The Ln2S3's as an example (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 52 (1998), S. 1055-1062 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Schlagwort(e): Cp ; Cv ; entropies ; Ln2S3 ; phonon dispersion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract This paper represents a fitting (modeling) of the temperature dependence of the Komada-Westrum characteristic temperature for those γ-, δ- and ε-phase lanthanide sesquisulfides for which the total heat capacities, including internal degrees of freedom (e.g., Schottky and magnetic contributions), were connected to the residue of only lattice vibrations yielding lattice heat-capacity contributions. These characteristic temperatures (θKW) at 298.15 K are seen to behave smoothly (nearly linearly) as a function of (cationic) atomic number within the region of stability of each phase as does the density. The trends between the phases also show some consistency but not predictability of one from the other.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010153110658
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Modeling Sub- and Super-ambient Heat Capacities of the Group Iva Compounds Despite the Lanthanide Contraction (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 57 (1999), S. 659-667 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Schlagwort(e): Cp ; Cv ; entropies ; group IVA element compounds ; Hf ; Zr
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract This paper is concerned with the estimation of heat capacities in the IVA 3d-transition element compounds using especially Zr and Hf compounds as examples. Most prediction schemes routinely tacitly assume that volumes and masses trend ‘in parallel’. However, the lanthanide contraction here ensures for ZrX/HfX systems — and generally elsewhere — that this is not so in this portion of the periodic table. Available methods such as Latimer's, Volumetric Priority, Komada-Westrum, Grimvall's, and Sommers' are compared on IVA elements and compounds. Only the Sommers approach has volumetric input. It provides the best prediction.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010111908035
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