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  • Airway hyperresponsivenessEosinophils  (1)
  • Allergische Reaktionen des Respirationstrakts  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 1205-1212 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bronchial asthma ; Respiratory allergy ; Allergy test ; Bronchial provocation test ; Radioallergosorbent test ; Skin test ; Asthma bronchiale ; Allergische Reaktionen des Respirationstrakts ; Allergologische Diagnostik ; Inhalativer Provokationstest ; Radioallergosorbent-Test ; Hauttest
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 87 Patienten mit Asthma bronchiale wurden allergologische Haut- und Radio-Allergo-Sorbent-Tests durchgeführt und der Atemwegswiderstand ganzkörperplethysmographisch im Leerversuch und mindestens zehnmal nach insgesamt 171 inhalativen Provokationen mit dosierten Extrakten von Hausstaub, Hausstaubmilbe, Tierepithelien, Schimmelpilz und Pollen gemessen. Hierbei ließ sich eine aktuelle klinische Relevanz der Hautreaktionen in 60% und der RAST-Reaktionen in 66% feststellen. Hauttest und RAST zeigten in 61% der Vergleichsuntersuchungen eine Konkordanz. Die Korrelation war abhängig vom Sensibilisierungsgrad, von den Allergengruppen und davon, ob positive oder negative Haut- bzw. RAST-Reaktionen vorlagen. Bezogen auf die einzelnen Allergengruppen fand sich eine gute Übereinstimmung aller drei Untersuchungsmethoden und anamnestischer Hinweise lediglich bei Pollen und Tierepithelien. Auffallend häufig kam ein abweichendes Ergebnis des Provokationstests zur Beobachtung bei Vorhandensein negativer RAST-Reaktionen auf die Allergene Hausstaub und Schimmelpilze, sowie bei positiver cutaner Reizantwort auf Hausstaubmilbe und Schimmelpilze. Als wesentliche Indikationen für den inhalativen Provokationstest bei Asthma bronchiale gelten unsichere Aussagen von Anamnese, Hauttest und RAST bei Einwirkung der Problem-Allergene Hausstaub, Hausstaubmilbe u. Schimmelpilzsporen, insbes. vor eingreifenden Therapiemaßnahmen (Hyposensibiliserung, Wohnungs-, Berufswechsel) sowie bei Verdacht auf eine verzögerte bronchiale Reaktion.
    Notes: Summary 87 patients with bronchial asthma underwent skin test, RAST and measurement of airway resistance before and after inhalation of control solution as well as at least 10 times after each of one to four bronchial provocations (making up a total of 171 tests) with extracts of house dust, house dust mite, animal dander, mould spores and pollen in increasing concentrations. An actual clinical significance of the skin test reactions was found in 60% of all cases and of the RAST results in 66% of all cases. The overall agreement between skin test results and RAST results was 61%. The correlations between the different tests depended on the degree of hypersensitivty, on the tested allergen and on whether the results of skin test and RAST, respectively, were positive or negative. There existed a good correlation between the results of all three test methods and case history only for pollen allergens and animal dander. Noticeably often negative RAST results with house dust and mould spores, as well as positive skin tests with house dust mite and mould spores could not be confirmed by the provocation test. Important indications for a bronchial provocation test in asthmatics are doubtful case history, doubtful skin test or RAST results with the problem-allergens house dust, house dust mite and mould spores; the bronchial provocation test is especially commendable when drastic or cumbersome therapeutic measures (immunotherapy, change of home, change of job) are to follow or if late asthmatic reactions are expected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Keywords: Asthma ; Inflammation ; Airway hyperresponsivenessEosinophils ; Leukotrienes ; Prostaglandins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is a volatile, highly reactive chemical widely used as a polymerizing agent in the production of polyurethane foams, lacquers, adhesives, and other items. Repeated airway exposures in the workplace to TDI may cause a concentration-dependent risk of developing chronic airway disorders. Different pathomechanisms are involved. IgE-mediated sensitization and irritative effects were clearly demonstrated in exposed subjects as well as in animals. In this study we examined the cellular and mediator composition in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of guinea pigs (eight in each group) exposed to TDI (10, 20, or 30 ppb) on 5 consecutive days for 2 hours each. Increased numbers of eosinophils and significantly elevated levels of LTB4 and LTC4/LTD4/LTE4 were obtained in BALF of all exposed animals when compared to nonexposed control animals. PGD2 and TXB2 remained unaltered in BALF. Stimulation of BALF cells of exposed and control animals with Ca-ionophore A23187 and arachidonic acid induced an increased generation of LTB4. Furthermore, BALF cells of the exposed animal groups generated immunoreactive LTC4/LTD4/LTE4, whereas controls did not show peptido-leukotriene formation in the presence and absence of stimuli. Our data clearly demonstrate an influx of eosinophils into the airways associated with mediator release and higher cellular responsiveness after TDI exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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