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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rationale for the use of alendronate in osteoporosis (1995)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 5 (1995), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Alendronate ; Osteoporosis ; Paget's disease ; Pharmacology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Bisphosphonates are being used in disorders associated with accelerated resorption of bone, particularly Paget's disease of bone and the bone disease of malignancy. Their undoubted biological efficacy and relatively low apparent toxicity make them attractive candidates for the management of osteoporosis. The bisphosphonate alendronate has many characteristics which suggest that it is suitable for use in osteoporosis. It is a potent inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption with no adverse effect on the mineralization of bone. Earlier studies have shown it to be one of the most active bisphosphonates in Paget's disease and the hypercalcemia of malignancy. In common with other bisphosphonates tested thus far, alendronate appears to inhibit bone loss in a variety of experimental models of osteoporosis. Long-term studies are needed to determine its steady-state effects on bone mass in man. Most data indicate that alendronate is capable at least of decreasing the rate of bone loss, and might even induce increments in bone mass for many years. Since the experimental studies show that the increase in bone mass observed with alendronate is associated with an increase in bone strength, its use is likely to decrease the frequency of fractures. However, direct clinical evidence for this requires the outcome of well-designed long-term prospective studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01623652
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The variable incidence of hip fracture in Southern Europe: The MEDOS study (1994)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 4 (1994), S. 253-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Doubling time ; Excess female morbidity ; Gonadal function ; Hip fracture ; Incidence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We assessed the incidence of hip fracture and ecological correlates in residents of 14 communities in six countries of Southern Europe. Hip fracture cases were recorded prospectively in defined catchment areas over a 1-year interval. A retrospective questionnaire was used to assess ecological differences between communities. During a 1-year period of observation a total of 3629 men and women over the age of 50 years were identified with hip fracture from a catchment of 3 million. In all communities the fracture rate increased exponentially with age. There were large and significant differences between centres in the doubling time for hip fracture risk with age and in crude and age-standardized rates. Greater than 4-fold and 13-fold differences in age-standardized risk were found amongst men and women respectively. The lowest rates were observed from Turkey and the highest from Seville, Crete and Porto. Fractures were significantly more frequent among women than men with the exception of three rural Turkish centres. Indeed, in rural Turkey the normal female/male ratio was reserved. Variations in incidence between regions were greater than the differences within centres between sexes, and there was a close and significant correlation between incidence rates for men and those for women in the regions studied. Excess female morbidity increased progressively from the age of 50 years but attained a plateau after the age of 80 years, suggesting a finite duration of the effect of the menopause. The retrospective questionnaire completed by 80% of cases suggested that differences in incidence between the communities studied could not be explained by differences in gonadal status in women. In both men and women cross-cultural associations were found with factors related to age or socioeconomic prosperity, the majority of which disappeared after adjustment for age. We conclude that there are marked and sizeable differences in the incidence rates of hip fracture throughout Southern Europe. The reasons for these differences are not known but affect both men and women, and are likely to be related to lifestyle or genetic factors rather than to differences in endocrine status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01623349
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute effects of deflazacort and prednisone on rates of mineralization and bone formation (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 109-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Glucocorticoid ; Histomorphometry ; Bone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The aims of this study were to determine (1) whether acute suppression of bone formation could be evaluated after the administration of corticosteroids in man by quantitative bone histomorphometry; and (2) whether there were significant differences between the effects of prednisone and its analog deflazacort. Thirteen patients who needed high-dose corticosteroid therapy were randomly allocated to two groups of treatment (prednisone or deflazacort). Quantitative bone histomorphometry, using the technique of triple labeling, and biochemical measurements of bone turnover were studied. There were no differences in biochemical indices of bone turnover between prednisone and deflazacort at the beginning and end of the 15 days of treatment course. During corticosteroid treatment, there were no significant changes in biochemical indices of bone turnover but a significant decline in total alkaline phosphatase (P〈0.01). Histomorphometric indices, as revealed by measurements of tetracycline interval and extent of labeling, showed no significant differences in either mineral apposition rate or bone formation rate in the two groups. We conclude that the acute glucocorticoid suppression of bone turnover by glucocorticoids is not detectable within the first 2 weeks of treatment by histomorphometric techniques. No differences in bone effects of prednisone and deflazacort were detected in this short-term study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296340
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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