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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between structure, positive inotropic potency and lethal dose of grayanotoxins in guinea pig (1980)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 44 (1980), S. 259-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Grayanotoxins ; Positive inotropy ; Structure-activity relation ; Guinea-pig myocardium ; LD50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Relationship between chemical structure, positive inotropic potency and lethal dose of grayanotoxins and the related compounds was studied using guinea pigs. The positive inotropic effect (PIE) was examined in their papillary muscle isolated from the heart.The potency of these compounds was expressed by pD2 values, and was determined by depicting the concentration-PIE curve for each compound. The study has clarified the contribution of functional groups in the molecule; the presence of 3β-hydroxyl, 6β-hydroxyl and 10β-methyl groups attached to the grayanane skeleton is established to be essential for the development of PIE. The inotropic potency of compounds carrying these essential groups is increased by a 10α-hydroxyl group and the acylation of the 14β-hydroxyl group. LD50 value of 10 compounds with a high cardiotonic potency (pD2〉4) was determined by up and down method using male guinea pigs. The relation of LD50 to pD2 bore a significant correlation (r = 0.68, p〈0.05). The most cardiotropic and toxic compound found in this study was asebotoxin III.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00278033
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5-Aminolevulinic acid production by Chlorella sp. during heterotrophic cultivation in the dark (1995)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 11 (1995), S. 361-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Algal cultivation ; 5-aminolevulinic acid ; Chlorella sp. ; levulinic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) was produced aerobically in the dark during growth on glucose by a newly isolated Chlorella sp. When levulinic acid (20 mM), a competitive inhibitor of ALA dehydratase, was added repeatedly to the medium, about 1.5 mM of ALA was produced extracellularly. Glutamate (30 mM) added with levulinic acid (20 mM, given repeatedly) enhanced ALA production up to 1.9 mM, indicating that ALA might be synthesized via the C-5 pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367123
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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