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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 760-762 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Allergenicity ; Cow's milk allergy ; Cow's milk protein hydrolysate formulae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cow's milk protein hydrolysate formulae have been developed to lower or eliminate the allergenicity of cow's milk proteins, and to reduce the antigenic load and the risk of sensitization. Cross-reactivity between different hydrolysate formulae and cow's milk proteins has been demonstrated. We have studied 20 children (median age 31 months, range 15–76 months) with a history of IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy. All the children had immediate allergic respiratory and/or cutaneous and/or gastro-intestinal reactions to cow's milk ingestion. In addition, the children had positive prick skin tests and positive RAST to cow's milk. Prick skin test, RAST, and double-blind placebo controlled food challenges were performed with three different hydrolysate formulae: a casein hydrolysate formula and two whey formulae, one partially and one extensively hydrolyzed. All 20 children had immediate allergic reactions after the challenge test with cow's milk. Only 2/20 children had a positive challenge test with a casein hydrolysate formula (Alimentum): one developed asthma and one urticaria. Two of the 15 children challenged with an extensively hydrolysed whey formula (Profylac) developed perioral erythema. Nine out of 20 children had a positive challenge test with a partially hydrolysed whey formula (Nidina H.A.): four developed asthma, three urticaria and two lip oedema. All children had positive prick skin tests to cow's milk proteins (casein and/or lactalbumin); 9 to Nidina H.A.; 3 to Profylac, and 3 to Alimentum. Specific IgE antibodies to cow's milk were present in all children; in 13 to Nidina H.A., in 4 to Profylac, and in 3 to Alimentum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 33 (1982), S. 416-420 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Untersuchung der auf Blei in Meerwasser und in neutralen Salzlösungen entstehenden Korrosionsprodukte.Zur Identifizierung und quantitativen Bestimmung der in Meerwasser und neutralen Salzlösungen auf Blei entstehenden Korrosionsprodukte wurde eine Methode entwickelt. Sie beruht auf der selektiven Auflösung verschiedener Verbindungen in geeigneten Reagenzien (Methanol, Glycin, Kaliumnitrat u. a.) und der anschließenden chemischen Analyse der in Lösung befindlichen Elemente. Die Ergebnisse werden dann mittels Röntgenbeugung verifiziert.Diese Methode wurde benutzt zur Untersuchung der Korrosionsprodukte auf einer Bleiplatte von einem vor etwa 2000 Jahren im Golf von Toulon gesunkenen römischen Schiff.Dabei wurden die folgenden Punkte gefunden: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm PbCl}_{{\rm 2}^{\rm - } } {\rm Pb}_2 {\rm Cl}_3 {\rm OH} - 3{\rm PbCO}_3 \cdot 2{\rm Pb(OH)}_2 \cdot {\rm H}_2 {\rm O} - {\rm Pb}_2 {\rm O}_{3^ - \,} \,{\rm Pb}_4 {\rm O}_3 {\rm SO}_4 \cdot {\rm n}\,{\rm H}_2 {\rm O} - {\rm Pb}_{\rm x} {\rm S}_{{\rm y}\,} {\rm or}\,{\rm PbS}. $$\end{document}Bei Vergleichsversuchen mit Blei in Meerwasser wurden die folgenden Verbindungen festgestellt: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm PbCl}_{2^ - } {\rm PbCO}_3 \cdot {\rm PbCl}_{2^ - } {\rm Pb}_3 ({\rm CO}_3)_2 ({\rm OH})_{2^ - } {\rm PbO} - {\rm Pb}_{\rm 2} {\rm O}_3 . $$\end{document}Der Unterschied zwischen beiden Ergebnissen dürfte darauf zurückzuführen sei, daß in Meeresablagerungen durch sulfatreduzierende Bakterien Schwefelwasserstoff entsteht, der den pH-Wert verändert und damit das Gleichgewicht des Systems CO3---HCO3--CO2-SO4--HSO4- verschiebt, wodurch wieder die Art der Korrosionsprodukte verändert wird.Blei ist trotz seiner guten Korrosionsbeständigkeit in verschiedenen Medien wegen seiner schlechten mechanischen Eigenschaften in seiner praktischen Anwendung begrenzt und wird deshalb nur für Rohrleitungen, Bedeckungen u. ä. benutzt. Das gilt auch für die Antike: die Römer plattierten die Schiffsrumpfe mit Blei, da hierdurch lange Lebensdauer gesichert war.
    Notes: A method was developed to characterize and quality lead corrosion products in sea water and in saline neutral solutions.This method is based on selective dissolution of various compounds, using suitable reagents (methanol, glycine, potassium nitrate etc.) and on subsequent chemical analysis of the various dissolved elements.The findings are then verified by X-ray diffractometer analysis.This method was used for an examination of the corrosion products adhering to a lead plate of a Roman ship wrecked in the Gulf of Toulon about two thousand years ago. The following corrosion products were determined: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm PbCl}_{{\rm 2}^{\rm - } } {\rm Pb}_2 {\rm Cl}_3 {\rm OH} - 3{\rm PbCO}_3 \cdot 2{\rm Pb(OH)}_2 \cdot {\rm H}_2 {\rm O} - {\rm Pb}_2 {\rm O}_{3^ - \,} \,{\rm Pb}_4 {\rm O}_3 {\rm SO}_4 \cdot {\rm n}\,{\rm H}_2 {\rm O} - {\rm Pb}_{\rm x} {\rm S}_{{\rm y}\,} {\rm or}\,{\rm PbS}. $$\end{document}These products were compared with those obtained on sea water immersed lead specimen.In the latter case, the products were the following: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm PbCl}_{2^ - } {\rm PbCO}_3 \cdot {\rm PbCl}_{2^ - } {\rm Pb}_3 ({\rm CO}_3)_2 ({\rm OH})_{2^ - } {\rm PbO} - {\rm Pb}_{\rm 2} {\rm O}_3 . $$\end{document}The difference between the two test specimen is deemed to be due to the known formation caused by bacterial fouling processes (desulfovibrio desulfuricans) of hydrogen sulphide in marine sediments which, by altering the pH value, also alter the equilibrium of the CO3---HCO3--CO2-SO4--—HSO4- systems thus affecting the differentiated formation of the corrosion products.Lead, despite its improved corrosion resistance in various environments as compared with other normally used metals (e.g. iron), is not so commonly employed because of its poor mechanical properties (deformation, grain coarsening, brittleness [1], etc.) so that it is only used for certain structures like pipings or coverings (roofs, chemical vats etc.) not exposed to strong mechanical stresses.These applications were common even in ancient times, when the Romans already covered their hulls with lead plates because they did not corrode easily and thus had a long life.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 65-79 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of the isomorphous relationships existing among five crystalline polyaromatic polymers containing O, S, CH2 bridges, i.e., where Ph is phenyl, is reported. Appropriate series of oligomers corresponding to these polymers have also been prepared in order to investigate how the solid-state properties of the oligomers correlate with those of the polymers. A preliminary x-ray analysis is reported showing that the polymers are actually isostructural.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 2881-2889 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Linear, crystalline polymers corresponding to the general formulas where X is CH2, O, or S, were synthesized, and their isomorphous relationships were studied. The results point out that a close structural relationship exists within each series of compounds investigated.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 13 (1975), S. 559-565 
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 8 (1970), S. 2453-2464 
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Properties of some linear oligobenzyls corresponding to polybenzyl, poly(2,5-dimethylbenzyl), and poly(2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-benzyl) systems are correlated to those of relative polymers. From infrared and x-ray diffraction data, evidence is found that oligomers tend to assume the same crystal structure of the polymer as early as teh tetramer or pentamer stage. Syntheses of oligomers are described. Linear, crystalline polymers, necessary for comparison with oligomers, have been prepared and characterized. Polymerization conditions have been explored to some extent; relevant data are tabulated and discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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