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Seedling growth strategies and seed size effects in fourteen oak species native to different soil moisture habitats (1996)

Long, T. J. ; Jones, R. H.

Springer

Trees 11 (1996), S. 1-8

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ISSN: 0931-1890

Keywords: Key words Quercus ; Carbon allocation ; Allometry

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Seedling growth and morphology are thought to reflect evolutionary responses to habitat or influences of seed size. To test these hypotheses, we selected fourteen species of North American oaks differing in soil moisture habitat preference and seed size. Seedlings were grown for 1 – 2 years with abundant soil water and moderate soil nutrition in pots placed outdoors and in a common garden. Oak species native to xeric environments produced the smallest seedlings. Oaks from hydric soils had more shoot weight per unit of root weight and more height per unit of total plant weight than did mesic or xeric oaks. Essentially no differences in leaf area per unit of total plant weight were detected. Species with thinner and larger individual leaves tended to produce larger seedlings. Within species, seed size was generally unrelated to seedling growth, although results may have been complicated by uncontrolled genotypic variability. However, when species were compared, those with larger mean seed size produced larger seedlings. Root/shoot allometry, height growth and leaf thickness in the tested species may reflect evolutionary responses to soil moisture and flooding. Although seed size influenced seedling growth, no clear relationship between seed size and soil moisture habitat was found.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004680050051

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Application of trans-1,4 polyisoprene in orthopedic and rehabilitation medicine (1971)

Jones, R. H. ; Wei, Y. K.

Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 19-30

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ISSN: 0021-9304

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Medicine , Technology

Notes: Ideally, materials from which splints, braces, casts, and other orthopedic appliances are to be made should be capable of being shaped directly against the patient. They should be simple and quick to use, and require the minimum of special equipment. Appliances made from them should be dimensionally stable in service and acceptable to the patient in terms of comfort, weight, durability, and appearance.Synthetic trans-1,4 polyisoprene, prepared with a Ziegler catalyst system, is such a material. It crystallizes at temperatures below 130°F; it is a hard semi-rigid rubber at room temperature; and its compounds can be molded directly against the skin without discomfort. Laboratory tests show that molded shape and strength can be maintained even under stress at temperatures up to about 120°F, and service performance fully supports the results of laboratory testing.This paper describes the properties of trans-1,4 polyisoprene that make the polymer suitable for many orthopedic appliances, and includes examples of its uses in hospitals and rehabilitation institutions. Special attention is given to describing a recently developed technique for the making of artificial limb sockets using trans-1,4 Polyisoprene.

Additional Material: 10 Ill.