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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Usefulness of hepatitis C virus RNA counts by second generation HCV bDNA-probe in chronic hepatitis C based on the HCV genotype (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 33 (1998), S. 223-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: Key words: HCV bDNA-probe ; HCV-RNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA by a second generation (ver 2) HCV bDNA-probe method (bDNA-probe) was compared with detection by the first generation (ver 1) assay. The two assays were performed simultaneously with the same serum samples of HCV genotypes 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, and 3b. The positive rates with ver 1 were 82% for HCV genotype 1b (type 1b), 57.6% for HCV genotype 2a (type 2a), 75.0% for HCV genotype 2b (type 2b), 55.6% for HCV genotype 3a (type 3a), and 93.8% for HCV genotype 3b (type 3b). The positive rates with ver 2 were 95.0% for type 1b, 93.9% for type 2a, 83.3% for type 2b, 100% for type 3a, and 93.8% for type 3b. With Fisher's exact test, the detection rate for type 2a was significantly higher (P = 0.001) with ver 2 than with ver 1. We obtained regression lines using the HCV counts measured by bDNA-probe on the y axis and the HCV counts obtained by an HCV reverse transcriptase (RT)-competitive polymerase chain reaction method (competitive PCR) on the x axis. The gradients for types 1b, 2a, and 3b were greater with ver 2 compared to ver 1. The gradients for types 2a and 3b were the highest: for type 2a, y = 0.135x + 0.6 with ver 1 and y = 0.248x + 0.1 with ver 2; for type 3b, y = 0.366x + 0.1 with ver 1 and y = 0.727x + 0.3 for ver 2. In addition, HCV-RNA counts for all the genotypes tested in this study were significantly higher with ver 2 than with ver 1. Hence, we conclude that ver 2 of the bDNA-probe measures HCV-RNA counts closer to those obtained with competitive PCR than the ver 1 assay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005350050074
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased response rate to interferon therapy after a second course in hepatitis C patients who show relapse after the initial course (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 35 (2000), S. 607-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: Key words: chronic hepatitis-C ; HCV-RNA ; relapse ; interferon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Some patients with chronic hepatitis C become HCV-RNA seronegative during interferon (IFN) therapy. However, about one-half of these patients show a relapse, evident by high serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level. In some patients with biochemical relapse, the serum HCV-RNA level becomes low immediately after the ALT relapse. Here, we assessed the changes in serum HCV-RNA level in patients with ALT relapse after IFN therapy, and evaluated the efficacy of a second course of IFN, started at the recovery stage after ALT relapse. Two hundred and seventy-seven patients who showed HCV-RNA seronegativity by reverse transcription nested-polymerase chain reaction (RT nested-PCR) and normalization of ALT during the initial IFN therapy, and had positive HCV-RNA with ALT relapse (〉 100 IU/l) within 3 months after completion of the initial IFN course were enrolled in this retrospective study. Two hundred and sixty patients were followed-up without further IFN retreatment after the ALT relapse (group 1), and 17 patients received another 6-month course of IFN after the ALT relapse (group 2). The median level of serum HCV-RNA, determined with a branched DNA probe assay (version 1; Chiron-Dai-ichi Kagaku Tokyo, Japan), in group 1 was 3.1 Meq/ml before IFN therapy, 1.3 Meq/ml at the time point of the ALT peak after the completion of IFN therapy, and 0.7 and 2.6 Meq/ml at 2–4 and 6–8 weeks after the ALT peak, respectively. The serum HCV-RNA level at 2–4 weeks after the ALT peak was lower than that before IFN therapy. The eradication rate of HCV-RNA (complete response; CR) in group 2 (47.1%; 8/17) was significantly higher than that in group 1 (1.5%; 4/260; P 〈 0.001). In conclusion, our data suggested that: (1) patients who showed biochemical relapse after initial IFN therapy had a significantly lower serum HCV-RNA level at recovery after ALT relapse compared with that before initial IFN therapy. (2) A high response rate was noted after a second course of IFN administered at the recovery stage of the ALT relapse, compared with patients without IFN retreatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005350070060
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A high incidence of apolipoprotein E ε4 allele in middle-aged non-demented subjects with cerebral amyloid β protein deposits (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 97 (1999), S. 82-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Apolipoprotein E ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Amyloid β protein ; Middle-age
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotypes of 19 middle-aged non-demented subjects with cerebral amyloid β protein (Aβ) deposits, and compared the results with those of 16 patients with sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and those of 34 age-matched controls. The frequency of the ApoE ɛ4 allele was higher (P = 0.0256) in these 19 subjects (0.211) than in controls (0.059), and was close to that in AD patients (0.281). This result suggests that middle-aged non-demented subjects with cerebral Aβ deposits are at high risk of developing AD, and that the diffuse Aβ deposits in these cases represent an early stage of AD pathology. We speculate that in the majority of late-onset sporadic AD patients, cerebral Aβ deposition commences when these patients are in their forties or fifties, and that the pathological process progresses gradually, taking 20 to 30 years for clinical manifestation of dementia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050958
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of HCV genotype among patients with chronic liver diseases in the Tokyo metropolitan area (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 29 (1994), S. 583-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: HCV genotype ; chronic hepatitis C ; HCV-RNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined 613 Toranomon Hospital patients with HCV RNA-positive chronic liver disease to elucidate the viral genotype in the Tokyo metropolitan area. An epidemiological and clinical study was conducted in the 565 patients whose HCV genotype could be determined. The HCV genotypes found were type II, in 414 patients (67.5%); type III, in 103 (16.8%); type IV, in 37 (6.0%); type V, in 4 (0.7%); mixed genotype II and III, in 5 (0.8%); and mixed genotype II and IV, in 2 (0.3%). The HCV genotype could not be determined in 48 patients. Type II was most prevalent. The HCV genotype I was not found at all. There were no significant differences between genotypes in relation to sex, age, history of blood transfusion, or the progression of the disease. It was uncommon to find a history of blood transfusion in the patients with mixed genotypes; however, a high incidence of hepatic disorders was noted among the family members of these patients. Ninety-two percent of the patients with HCV genotype II tested positive for C100-3, while 70.9% of those with type III, and 43.2% of those with type IV tested positive for this antibody. HCV genotype II was most prevalent, and the positivity rate for anti C100-3 in patients with this HCV genotype was significantly higher (P〈0.00001) than that in patients with the other genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02365439
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