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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural study of the red pulp of the spleen and the liver in unstable hemoglobin hemolytic anemia (1977)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 374 (1977), S. 339-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Spleen ; Liver ; Heinz bodies ; Unstable hemoglobin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron microscopic observations on the process of red cell destruction in the spleen and liver of a patient with congenital Heinz body hemolytic anemia, associated with a new variant of unstable hemoglobin, are reported. Two major mechanisms of destruction of Heinz body-containing red cells were noted. One was phagocytosis of these cells in toto by cordal macrophages. The other mechanism, though less significant quantitatively, was intravascular hemolysis of injured red cells in the splenic microvasculature. In the liver, phagocytosis of damaged red cells by Kupffer cells was rare and there was no evidence of intravascular hemolysis in this organ. These morphological findings, together with almost complete recovery from hemolysis following splenectomy, indicated that Heinz body-containing red cells were removed from the circulation predominantly by the spleen. In contrast to experimental Heinz body anemia in animals, Heinz bodies were present even in the nucleated red cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432655
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural evidence for intracellular formation of amyloid fibrils in macrophages (1989)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 415 (1989), S. 411-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Amyloid ; Spleen ; Immunoelectron microscopy ; Intralysosomal formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Early amyloid deposition in the spleen was studied by immunoelectron microscopy following the administration of rapid amyloid-inducing agents to mice. Two days after the injection of an amyloidenhancing factor and casein solution, a small amount of amyloid material was observed at the border of the white pulp and the marginal zone (perifollicular area) and also within the white pulp. At this stage, amyloid fibrils were seen mainly in an extracellular distribution along the cytoplasmic processes of reticular cells and also in the cytoplasmic invaginations of macrophages. By immunoelectron microscopy, gold particles labelled fibrillar structures in lysosome-derived organelles in some macrophages as well as dense bodies consisted of a homogeneous, granular matrix not having any recognizable fibrillar structures. Similar immunolabelled organelles were also observed in the amyloid resorption stage, although, at that stage, they commonly contained other phagocytized materials as well. From these findings, we suggest that at least some amyloid fibrils are polymerized in the cytoplasm of the macrophages by the proteolytic cleavage of previously pinocytized serum amyloid A protein (SAA).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00747742
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erythrophagocytosis by the sinus endothelial cell of the spleen in haemolytic anaemias (1979)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 382 (1979), S. 261-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Spleen ; Sinus endothelial cell ; Erythrophagocytosis ; Haemolytic anaemias
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An ultrastructural study of spleens from patients with a heterogeneous group of haemolytic anaemias was undertaken in order to determine whether sinus endothelial cells have erythrophagocytic ability. In most cases, sinus endothelial cells contained erythrocytes and various stages of intracellular degradation of engulfed erythrocytes were noted. Though the frequency of erythrophagocytosis varied from case to case, phagocytosis of erythrocytes by the endothelial cell was more frequent in cases in which cordal macrophages showed active erythrophagocytosis. These results suggest that the sinus endothelial cells have erythrophagocytic ability in certain pathological states, especially when the demands for the removal of defective erythrocytes are increased. However, the bulk of erythrophagocytosis is carried out by cordal macrophages, and endothelial phagocytosis has a minor significance in the development of haemolytic anaemia. Two possible processes by which erythrocytes come into contact with sinus endothelial cells are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00430402
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological evaluation of amyloid-laden arteries in leptomeninges, cortices and subcortices in cerebral amyloid angiopathy with subcortical hemorrhage (1993)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 86 (1993), S. 418-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Amyloid angiopathy ; Cerebral hemorrhage ; Elderly person
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the relationship between cerebral amyloid angiopathy and subcortical (lobar) hemorrhage, we examined the severity of amyloid deposition in the leptomeningeal, cortical and subcortical arteries in 28 autopsied elderly patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy with subcortical hemorrhage, deep cerebral hemorrhage or without hemorrhage. The severity was evaluated in terms of the frequency of amyloid-laden arteries and the degree of amyloid deposition within the arteries. The frequency of amyloid-laden arteries, especially among arteries over 200 μm in diameter, was higher in subcortical hemorrhage group than in the deep hemorrhage group and the non-hemorrhage group, and when the degree of amyloid deposition in the arteries was divided into four grades (none, mild, moderate or severe), the severity was higher in the subcortical hemorrhage group than in the deep cerebral hemorrhage group and the non-hemorrhage group. These results suggest that severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy is related to non-traumatic subcortical hemorrhage in elderly persons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228574
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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