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  • Biochemistry  (23)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (18)
  • Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry  (5)
  • Applied demography  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unveiling the demographic ‘action’ in class-action lawsuits: Two instructional cases (1999)
    Springer
    Population research and policy review 18 (1999), S. 489-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7829
    Keywords: Applied demography ; Class action ; Law ; Teaching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology
    Notes: Abstract Population turnover, cohort survival, and intercohort transmission of effects are concepts widely applicable beyond the customary domains of demographic analysis. One such application involves a cohort of victims referenced in time and place by a common harm for which legal redress is sought through a class-action lawsuit. Two instructional case studies illustrate applications of demographic reasoning and data to certain generic questions such litigation may pose: How many claimants will remain by some future date? How prevalent will they then be in the population? How feasible will it be to redress the harm years later? These cases illustrate the use of familiar demographic concepts and simple demographic reasoning to draw legally relevant conclusions from available data. Specific instructional applications include: accounting for demographic factors that deplete the original class over time and dilute its surviving members among residents at the referenced place; integrating the use of administrative record, census, and vital statistics data; and devising approximate estimates of turnover within local populations. Training is broadly suited to assignments aimed at applying common-sense demographic reasoning to devise nonstandard solutions to measurement problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006381629603
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applying demographic analysis in affirmative action disputes: An instructional case (1998)
    Springer
    Population research and policy review 17 (1998), S. 457-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7829
    Keywords: Affirmative action ; Applied demography ; Employment discrimination ; Labor pool ; Minorities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology
    Notes: Abstract This instructional case study illustrates applications of demographic concepts, data, and techniques in evaluating affirmative action goals for equalizing employment opportunity. Courts of law addressing employment discrimination disputes need an accurate picture of each minority group's proportion in a pool of prospective employees. The demographic and socioeconomic factors conditioning those proportions vary from place to place. In the situation examined here, the court originally used an imperfect population standard to set hiring goals. The case traces the multiple failures to account for those conditioning influences and describes the resulting distortions of legal purpose. In analyzing this failure, students gain experience in clarifying issues in dispute, devising measures to fit legal standards, and delineating qualified labor pools. Specific instructional applications include: using census data to document how local population structure and composition determine each minority group's presence in the workforce; and using administrative data to delineate the relevant labor pools for setting affirmative action goals. Training is broadly suited to assignments where applied demographers must delineate the ethnic and racial composition of a pool of workers eligible to be hired or promoted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006017911057
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demographic influences on Latinos' political empowerment: Comparative local illustrations (1998)
    Springer
    Population research and policy review 17 (1998), S. 223-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7829
    Keywords: Applied demography ; Latinos in the USA ; Local political power ; California
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology
    Notes: Abstract How do Latinos gain local political power, given their demographic proportions and characteristics in a community's population? This paper examines the influences of population structure, socioeconomic factors, and residential patterns on the process by which Latinos have translated their numbers into an effective political presence in five California cities. The distinctive routes to empowerment evidenced in these cities reveal the varied possibilities local demographic settings may offer and the sensitivity of different election systems to those settings. Two alternatives are considered: (1) a change from election at large to election by single-member district, or (2) augmentation of Latinos' citywide voting strength in deciding the second- or third-place winner in a multi-member at-large election format. The findings can inform local districting efforts planned around the 2000 census. Their implications extend more broadly to courts applying laws intended to safeguard minority voting rights; and to public policies aimed at balancing interests that unify a community and those that may divide its members.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005914503677
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of standardization on fragment-based measures of structural similarity (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 7 (1993), S. 543-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Fragment occurrence data ; Molecular similarity ; Similarity searching ; Standardization ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Substructural fragment occurrence data are widely used as the basis for measures of inter-molecular structural similarity. This paper investigates the effect of standardization on the effectiveness of such measures using eight data sets for which both structural and biological activity data are available. Eight different standardization methods are studied and it is shown that there is no significant difference in the effectivenesses of the various methods; accordingly, any of them can be used for the calculation of intermolecular structural similarity.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180070607
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative determination of sulfur compounds in FCC gasolines by AED. A study of the effect of catalyst type and catalytic conditions on sulfur distribution (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 16 (1993), S. 13-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: GC-AED ; Sulfur ; FCC gasoline ; Compound-independent calibration ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The identification and quantification of sulfur-containing compounds in gasoline has become an area of interest because of impending legislation regulating total sulfur levels in these fuels. To study the effects of catalyst type and catalytic conditions on gasoline sulfur distribution, a method has been developed employing both the compound-independent and element-specific response of the atomic emission detector (AED). Calibration and quantification can be accomplished even where standards are not available, owing to the nature of the AED response.Compounds were separated on a thick film polydimethylsiloxane column. An external calibration curve was applied to the area responses of individual sulfur components in the sulfur chromatogram, and the concentrations of each were calculated. Summation of these sulfur concentrations over the gasoline range yields the total sulfur content of the gasoline.The method is applicable to the determination of these compounds in raw crude oils, finished gasolines, fluid cracking catalyst (FCC) unit gasolines, and fluid catalytic cracking “model” compound studies. A prefractionating column was employed to remove heavy (〉C13) materials; prefractionation is not, however, necessary for distilled or commercial gasoline samples. Detection limits, linearity, detector stability, and accuracy are discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240160103
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applying demographic analysis to store site selection (1996)
    Springer
    Population research and policy review 15 (1996), S. 479-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7829
    Keywords: Applied demography ; Consumer ; Location ; Site ; Shopper ; Store
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology
    Notes: Abstract This case study illustrates how applied demographic analysis can help structure business decisionmaking. We screened every one of several thousand square miles within metropolitan Southern California to identify the 10 best locations for a large supermarket catering to onestop shoppers. Locations were selected based on potential sales volume (irrespective of nearby competitors), future stability of the resident consumer base, and specific demographic factors likely to enhance sales potential among target shoppers (e.g., dual-earner families). The client placed as much importance on how the results were derived as on our recommendations. As a result, our analytic framework for comparing high-potential locations played a central role in structuring the client's thinking. This framework, together with the empirical analysis, illustrate how applied demographers can operationalize business questions about consumer markets and guide a client toward a more systematic way of reaching decisions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00125866
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reaction of n-butyllithium with benzoic acid: is nucleophilic addition competitive with deprotonation?Dedicated to Frederick G. Bordwell for his many and continuing contributions to physical organic chemistry (1997)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 10 (1997), S. 537-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: n-Butyllithium ; benzoic acid ; nucleophilic addition ; deprotonation ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: ---An evaluation of a branching vs sequential mechanism for the reaction of benzoic acid with n-butyllithium favors the latter. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New matrices and accelerating voltage effects in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization of synthetic polymers (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 9 (1995), S. 1141-1147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Most matrices used in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) have been selected for their sound performance in the detection of proteins. We evaluated a series of new matrices for the analysis of synthetic polymers and compared their performance to that of conventional ones. Among substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (9-ACA), and its mixtures with 5-methoxysalicylic-acid (‘super’ 9-ACA) offered better signal quality for analysis of synthetic polymers. To test the performance of these new matrices, authentic standards of poly(ethylene glycol), poly(propylene glycol), Jeffamine, polybutadiene, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(dimethyl siloxane), and some of their mixtures were analyzed. By generating mainly [M + Na]+ ions, 9-ACA showed superior performance to most conventional matrices and provided higher effective mass resolution. The ‘super’ 9-ACA composite matrix was found to be more suitable for larger polymer molecules (〉8000 Da).Broader acceptance of MALDI-MS for synthetic polymer analysis has been delayed by systematic differences observed between MALDI-MS and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in terms of oligomer size distributions (R. S. Lehrle and D. S. Sarson, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.), Vol. 9, p. 91 (1995). We found that part of the discrepancy can be explained by the profound dependence of mass distributions on the accelerating voltage of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer. With decreasing accelerating voltage both the ion intensity and the mass resolution decreased, and the high-mass end of the mass spectrum became truncated. For example, when the accelerating voltage was changed from 30 kV to 18 kV the center of the peak area distribution for poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA) 6000 shifted to lower values by about 210 Da. At the same time, the skewness of the distribution increased tenfold indicating serious discrimination phenomena. These detrimental effects of lower accelerating voltage were particularly strong for relatively large synthetic polymer molecules.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290091212
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field desorption mass spectrometry of cyanogenic glycosides (1980)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 7 (1980), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The field desorption mass spectra of several underivatized cyanogenic glycosides exhibit molecular ions or ions derived from the parent compound by protonation and alkali metal cationization. Abundant fragment ions are present and can be readily related to structure. Significant deviations from established fragmentation pathways are observed due to the nature of the aglycone. The ability to successfully determine the presence of cyanogenic glycosides by field desorption is demonstrated in crude extracts isolated from Vicia sativa, a food-contaminating plant material.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200070505
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of metyrapone: 2 - chromatographic and mass spectral properties of the N-oxides of metyrapone and metyrapol (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1981), S. 270-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electron impact mass spectral studies on the mono-and di-N-oxides of metyrapone and metyrapol revealed that the technique readily differentiates between the mono-N-oxides of metyrapol, but not of metyrapone. The unequivocal mass spectral differentiation between the isomeric N-oxide metabolites of metyrapone was achieved by the selective and rapid reduction of the keto group in these compounds, with sodium borohydride, to yield the correspoding metyrapol-N-oxides. Chromatographic methods (thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography) have been developed for the separation and identification of potential in vitro metabolites of metyrapone. Incubation of metyrapone, under oxidative conditions, with rat or mouse hepatic microsomal preparations, afforded metyrapol (keto reduction) and the isomeric mono-N-oxides of metyrapone. Similar incubation with the hepatic soluble fraction yielded, in addition to metyrapol, an α-pyridone metabolite.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200080609
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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