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  • Zimbabwe  (2)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (1)
  • California  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 14 (1991), S. 99-111 
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: fodder trees ; fruit trees ; gardens ; grazing area ; species composition ; traditional agroforestry practices ; Zimbabwe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Traditional agroforestry systems in the communal areas of Zimbabwe are described. There are systems centered on main fields, on home gardens, on homesites and on grazing areas. In the main fields, the major tree-related management practice is the conservation of preferred indigenous fruit trees. Fruit trees are also the focus of forestry activities around the gardens and the homesite; but here it is the planting of exotic species. In a localized area of Zimbabwe Acacia albida is important in fields. There is almost no use of tree fallows in Zimbabwe. Trees in grazing areas have numerous roles, but at present there is little knowledge about traditional management practices in these areas. In the development of agroforestry systems in Zimbabwe it is suggested that those systems designed to improve fodder production will make a significant contribution to farm productivity because of the importance of cattle in the farming system and the present fodder shortage. Interventions involving the planting of fruit trees are likely to be very successful, as there is much interest in such planting. Another area that needs to be developed is that of tree plantings to improve soil fertility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant ecology 43 (1980), S. 191-197 
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: California ; Cape Province ; Chile ; Convergence ; Edaphic factors ; Mediterranean climate ; South Africa ; Speeies richness ; Vegetation structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Plant communities on desert to montane transects in the mediterranean type climatic areas in southern California, central Chile and the Cape, South Africa have been analysed to determine the extent of vegetation convergence. Data on floristic richness, growth form, leaf duration, leaf size, and spineseence, of the woody plants, collected by Parsons & Moldenke (1975) from analogous climatic sites in California and Chile, were compared with data from analogous sites in the Cape. Considerable convergence in vegetation structure between floristically distinct but climatically similar sites in California and Chile has been demonstrated by Parsons & Moldenke (1975). Cape vegetation, however, shows little convergence to these mediterranean regions. In Cape desert communities succulence rather than drought deciduousness is the principal adaptive strategy. Cape fynbos communities show major differences from communities at analogous sites on the other continents. Much of the divergence between fynbos and the vegetation of the other continents can be attributed to the nutrient-poor soils on which fynbos has evolved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human ecology 24 (1996), S. 479-491 
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: consumption of wood ; rural households ; fuel ; building ; Zimbabwe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract The objectives of this paper are to quantify the annual household consumption of wood for different purposes and to investigate the types of wood used for each purpose. Households in part of Gokwe Communal Area, a rural Zimbabwean study area in which wood is considered plentiful, use a mean 4.8 tons per household per year (t hh −1 yr −1 ) of wood for fuel, comprising 4.0 t to meet day-to-day requirements and 0.8 t for special occasions and beer brewing. In addition, building and repairing wooden structures require 3.5 t hh −1 yr −1 The total annual consumption is at most 8.3 t hh −1 yr −1 depending on the amount of wood in wooden structures that is recycled into new structures or as firewood. Wide variation around the mean annual consumption is expected because of differences among households and errors associated with calculation. The different purposes to which wood is put require wood of different types. Firewood for day-to-day use consists of small dead pieces collected in headloads. For brewing and special occasions large logs are used. Poles and small branches are freshly cut for wooden structures, with poles of particular girths and lengths being used for different components of the structures. Species is also taken into account in the collection of wood for fuel and construction. Disaggregation of the yearly consumption by site and species is important to the assessment of supply and demand of wood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: High performance gel filtration on monodisperse cross-linked agarose (Superose 6) has been assessed as a system for purification of mucus glycoproteins. Comparison with the conventional two-step purification of mucus glycoprotein by Sepharose CL4B gel filtration followed by caesium chloride density gradient centrifugation shows that purification by high performance gel filtration is at least as thorough, yielding mucin that is free from non-mucin glycoproteins as defined by buoyant density, mobility on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and absence of Concanavalin A binding (mannose-containing) material. This technique allows mucus glycoprotein to be purified from lyophilized crude mucin in 120 min compared with approximately 72 h using the conventional techniques. This makes the comparative study of mucus glycoprotein changes in disease states much more feasible.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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