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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (17)
  • Capillary electrophoresis  (4)
  • Morphine  (3)
  • 11
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Mixtures of a specific group of proteins, the major urinary proteins (MUPs), believed to have a role in odorant binding, have been analysed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The data obtained from conventional transformed electrospray data confirm that the molecular weights of the protein mixtures, deduced from published sequences, lie in the molecular weight range 18600 to 19 000 Da. Application of maximum-entropy analysis to the raw electrospray data has confirmed a heterogeneity in MUP composition, consistent with allelic similarities (and differences) between the different mouse strains. This work demonstrates the use of maximum entropy in the assessment of protein content and in the subsequent resolution enhancement of naturally occurring protein mixtures containing components of closely similar molecular mass.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 18 (1997), S. 2267-2278 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis ; Electrochemical detection ; Decoupling ; Capillary-electrode alignment ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Recent advances in the design and application of electrochemical detection (EC) systems in capillary electrophoresis (CE) are reviewed, with the objective of providing the non-electrochemist with a state-of-the-art picture of CEEC instrumentation and an overview of the primary analytes and samples for which the technique is best suited. In particular, instrument innovations designed to aid in decoupling the CE and EC systems electrically and in aligning them physically are described in detail. In addition, CEEC applications are summarized for four specific analyte groups: catecholamines, thiols and disulfides, amino acids, and carbohydrates. On this basis, it is clear that EC techniques have reached a stage where they are already having a significant impact on CE usage in selected areas of analysis. Continued developments with respect to new electrode materials and electrode configurations promise to broaden this impact further.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 19 (1998), S. 2226-2232 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Electrochemical detection ; Capillary electrophoresis ; Dual-parallel electrodes ; On-capillary electrodes ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new approach for dual electrode electrochemical detection in capillary electrophoresis (CEEC) is described. In this approach, two identical capillaries, each containing an on-capillary electrode incorporated permanently onto its tip, were paired together for simultaneous sample injection and detection. This procedure permitted dual-parallel detection to be performed without the need for painstaking alignment of the electrodes with respect to one another and to the capillary outlet as is required for the off-capillary microelectrode systems usually employed in CEEC. As a result, independent detection at two electrodes held at different potentials or at two electrodes of different composition or structure could be performed simply and with wide flexibility. Fabrication of on-capillary electrodes was carried out by sputter-coating the exit end of the capillaries with a thin layer of Au or Pt. Dual electrode system performance was demonstrated by separation and analysis of phenol and catechol samples. In addition, the detection system was coupled with glucose oxidase for the selective detection of glucose.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 387-393 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A probability distribution of internal energies is derived for aromatic molecular ions which can decompose to give only a single product whose relative intensity and appearance potential are each a function of Hammett sigma constants, with certain simplifying assumptions.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Acetylacetone (Hacac) admitted as a gas to an ion source containing CoCl2 adsorbed on a field ionization/field desorption emitter produces the ion [Co(acac)Cl]+. Similar ions arising from interaction of adsorbed salt and a ligand admitted as a gas were found for CoCl2 and trifluoroacetyl acetone, and for FeCl2 and acetylacetone. The chelation process represents a new kind of reaction of chemisorbed species in field ionization mass spectrometry.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 20 (1985), S. 445-453 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The hydrogen chemical ionization (H2 CI) mass spectra of a range of metal(II) (Ni, Cu, Co, Pt), metal (III) (Al, Mn, Ga, Fe (bearing a single axial ligand)) and metal(IV) (Si, Ge, Sn (bearing two axial ligands) and V (as V=O2+)) porphyrins have been determined, The spectra are highly dependent on the coordinated metal, rather than the axial ligand(s) (where present). Ni(II), Cu(II), Mn(II or III), Ga(III), Ge(IV), Fe(III) and Sn(IV) porphyrins fragment via hydrogenation and demetallation, followed by cleavage of the resulting porphyrinogens at the meso(bridge) positions to give mono- and di-pyrrolic fragments. Tripyrrolic fragments are also observed in the case of Ni(II), Cu(II) and Sn(IV). Fragmentations of this type are similar to those observed for free-base porphyrins. In the case of Pt(II), Co(II), Al(III), Si(IV) and V(IV) (as vanadyl), the dipyrrolic fragment ions are either very weak or completely absent; hence their H2CI spectra contain limited structural information. This variable CI behaviour may be related to the relative stabilities of the metalloporphyrins together with the multiple stable valency states exhibited by several metals.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis ; Polysaccharides ; Electrochemical detection ; Cu electrode ; Carbohydrates ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Complex polysaccharide mixtures were analyzed directly without derivatization by capillary zone electrophoresis in strongly alkaline solutions and electrochemical detection at a Cu electrode. The positively charged surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was included in the electrophoresis medium in order to reverse the electroosmotic flow and permit elution to be in order of increasing polysaccharide size. Carbohydrate samples analyzed by this approach included linear maltoses, enzymatically hydrolyzed starch, and commercially available dextrans of up to an average molecular weight of 18 300. Detection by constant-potential oxidation at a Cu electrode was very sensitive, with detection limits for individual carbohydrates generally below the femtomole level.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 17 (1986), S. 471-475 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Apparatus is described for the acquisition of Raman spectra with excitation at wavelengths as short as 184 nm. The H2 Raman-shifted output of an Nd:YAG laser is directed on to a free-flowing sample, and the Raman photons are collected and dispersed by a scanning 1.26 m single monochromator equipped with a 2400 groove holographic grating and a solar blind phototube with integrating electronics, or by a 0.5 m spectrograph with an 1800 groove holographic grating and a reticon multi-channel detector. Data for air-sensitive samples are obtained by enclosing the sample jet in an inert gas purged shroud equipped with a UV-transparent optical window. Raman spectra are reported for phenylalanine at a series of excitation wavelengths down to 184 nm. They show a sharp transition between 200 and 192 nm from vibronic to Franck-Condon scattering. At 200 nm, the intensities of the vibronically induced ν8a and ν8b modes, at 1606 and 1586 cm-1, are nearly the same as that of the 1000 cm-1 ν1 ring breathing mode, whereas at 192 nm the relative intensities of the former bands are dramatically dimished. In contrast, the ν8a and ν8b modes of tyrosine continue to show enhancement comparable to the ring breathing modes at 192 nm, the maximum of the strong 1Bα, b tyrosine absorption. The spectrum of insulin at 192 nm shows comparable contributions from tyrosine, phenylalanine and amide vibrations, whereas at 200 and 218 nm excitation the aromatic contributions are dominant.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 8 (1979), S. 323-325 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman spectra of thiocyanate at the surface of a silver electrode and in a series of aqueous test solutions were compared. The results indicate that spectral variations can be correlated with changes in bonding stoichiometry at the electrode surface as a function of potential.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 76-81 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman spectra of three forms of dithizone are presented. Significant structural changes are indicated in the Raman spectra when a proton is added or lost from neutral dithizone (H2Dz) to form the corresponding conjugate acid of dithizone (H3Dz+) and the dithizone anion (HDz-), respectively. These spectral changes are correlated with the structures previously proposed for these species.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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