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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (1)
  • Drinking water regulations  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental management 16 (1992), S. 21-31 
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Drinking water regulations ; Pesticides ; Germany ; Axiom of concern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The limit value of 0.1 µg/liter for “substances used in plant treatment and pest control including their main toxic degradation products” (PBSM) established in the German Drinking Water Regulations (Trinkwasserverordnung) serves comprehensively to protect drinking water from unexpected toxicological risks and thus corresponds to theaxiom of concern (Besorgnisgrundsatz) contained in §11,2 of the Federal Communicable Disease Control Act (Bundesseuchengesetz), which is an essential cornerstone of the Drinking Water Regulations. Furthermore, precautionary values that are specific to the particular substance and near the valid limit can be found for about 10% of all registered active substances. The goal of the PBSM Recommendations of the Federal Health Office (BGA) issued in July 1989 is to preserve and restore groundwater and drinking water through measures to be taken by the causal party, while reducing consumer health risks to the greatest extent possible. The EC commission's drawbacks on these recommendations and the imminent EC-wide directive for the uniform registration of pesticides being based solely on Article 43 of the European Treaty would seriously endanger this goal. Therefore, a situation threatens in Europe similar to that in the United States, where at least 18 active ingredients have been detected in groundwater in concentrations of up to 1000 times the toxicologically established limits for drinking water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1982), S. 115-118 
    ISSN: 0306-042X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The combination of pyrolysis and field ionization (Fl) mass spectrometry is used to characterize and identify mucous polysaccharides isolated from plant material (crude drugs). Oven pyrolysis is simply performed inside the ion source using a commercial direct introduction system. About 20μg of sample is thermally degraded by heating linearly from 50°C to 600°C at a rate of 0.4°C s-1.The thermal evaporation profiles and FI mass spectra of the pyrolysates of five pharmaceutically used plant mucilages were recorded and found to differ significantly from one another. The mass spectra show almost exclusively peaks corresponding to molecular ions of pyrolysis products which are characteristic for polysaccharides and demonstrate the presence of aldohexoses, aldopentoses and deoxyhexoses. The ratios of the characteristic signals of the dehydration products of these three groups of sugar subunits give semiquantitative information on the composition of these polysaccharides. The relative abundances of the key signals were compared with quantitative data obtained by classical methods, e.g. gas chromatography, and found to be a useful, indicative value.Comparison of the FI spectra of the mucilage pyrolysates with spectra of reference samples of mono- and oligosaccharides allows the identification of subunits in the sugar polymers. This is supported by the occurrence of their typical pyrolysis products which were assigned in previous pyrolysis studies.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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